Rarely, severe life-threatening disseminated disease or
hyperinfection can occur.
Strongyloides stercoralis
hyperinfection in an immunosuppressed dog from France.
Strongyloidiasis was classified into 3 categories: nonsystemic strongyloidiasis,
hyperinfection, and dissemination.
Infection and
Hyperinfection with Strongyloides stercoralis: Clinical Presentation, Etiology of Disease, and Treatment Options.
Strongyloides stercoralis assumes a special status due to its versatile life cycle (Autoinfection) and its potential to cause long-lasting infections, particularly in immunosuppressed individuals with a defective cellmediated immunity, in whom it may lead to
hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated strongyloidiasis involving several organs.
Strongyloides stercoralis
hyperinfection could mimic accelerated idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.[6] A case of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and spontaneous pneumothorax associated with S.
Its presentation can vary from asymptomatic eosinophilia in immunocompetent patients to
hyperinfection syndrome causing multiple organ failure in immunocompromised patients.
In immunocompromised individuals, larvae can massively invade the gastrointestinal and pulmonary systems (
hyperinfection syndrome) and other organs (disseminated strongyloidiasis).
Individuals with compromised immune systems are severely affected, resulting in
hyperinfection and disseminated forms of strongyloidiasis, responsible for a high mortality rate due to its difficult recognition (13,18).
[3]
Hyperinfection denotes autoinfection with accelerated gastrointestinal and pulmonary symptoms.
(3) It can cause autoinfection, chronic persistent infection,
hyperinfection (with involvement of the lung and the gastrointestinal system), and disseminated infection involving other organs.
Severe life-threatening complications of
hyperinfection syndrome and disseminated strongyloidiasis may develop in patients with HTLV-1 confection or in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, such as corticosteroids [1-3].
