homologous chromosome

Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.

homologous chromosome

One of a pair of chromosomes that contain genes for the same traits; one is maternal in origin, the other paternal.

References in periodicals archive ?

The main cause of spermatogenic block in the hinny is probably a failure of pairing of homologous chromosomes which results in unfinished synapsis and incomplete meiosis.

Testicular characteristics and the block to spermatogenesis in mature hinny

This exchange is between adjacent chromatids on the two homologous chromosomes of a bivalent.

Chapter 12: Sexual reproduction and inheritance

Additive effects for seed cotton yield were positive and significantly different than zero for all cultivars and CS-B02; however, no chromosome from 3-79 had additive effects significantly greater than additive effects of the homologous chromosome in TM-1.

Genetic effects of thirteen Gossypium barbadense L. chromosome substitution lines in topcrosses with upland cotton cultivars: I. Yield and yield components

Therefore, homologous chromosomes are similar and pairing behaviour is the empirical observation needed to infer homology.

A critical review of concepts and methods used in classical genome analysis

The Ph1 locus largely operates premeiotically to guarantee the association and alignment of homologous chromosomes (Feldman, 1966; Martinez et al.

Hybridization and introgression between bread wheat and wild and weedy relatives in North America

Establishing these markers for the apospory gene will be a valuable aid to positioning other markers near the apomixis gene locus and could be useful in tracking the homologous chromosomes in meiotic cells during aposporous embryo sac development.

Apospory-linked molecular markers in buffelgrass

Different lengths of the same arm (and band/locus, where applicable) from homologous chromosomes were combined to mean values and then represented in the haploid complement of the idiogram.

An Integrated Physical Map of the Cultivated Hot Chili Pepper, Capsicum baccatum var. Pendulum

During meiosis homologous chromosomes pair and undergo reciprocal genetic exchange termed crossover.

SynthHotSpot: Synthesizing Meiotic Crossover Hotspots in Arabidopsis

Also, in the present study, it was probable that the proper alignment of the homologous chromosomes was not possible due to the reciprocal translocation, thereby resulting in unbalanced gametes.

A novel de novo balanced reciprocal translocation t(18; 22) associated with recurrent miscarriages: a case report

Whole-genome sequencing generates a single consensus sequence without assigning variants to specific homologous chromosomes.

Illumina unveils Phasing Analysis Service for whole-genome sequencing

In humans, the somatic cells (or nonsex cells) have two sets of homologous chromosomes in each cell (each somatic cell has 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes for a total of 46 chromosomes).

Overview of human fertilization and egg activation

At this point the homologous chromosomes are separated, and the cell divides, giving the intermediate cells two versions of a chromosome from each homologous pair.

Ligers and tigons and mules, oh my! Why interspecies hybrids have trouble with fertility