In the new research a theory and model was developed of how entorhinal time ramping cells produce
hippocampal time cells which can be associated with places and people to help remember the sequence in which the people and places occurred during the remembered episode.
While other studies have shown the positive impact of exercise on depression and the link with
hippocampal volume in adults, this study is among the first to show that participation in team sports may have similar anti-depressant effects in preteen children.
We had 5 epilepsy patients with bilateral
hippocampal sclerosis on MRI.
Of the patients, 380 or 19.1 per cent showed
hippocampal calcifications.
Hippocampal glucose metabolism in mice was examined by microdialysis in vivo as follows: aged mice with fornix stimulation ( n = 12), adult mice with fornix stimulation ( n = 12), aged mice with fornix sham-stimulation ( n = 8), and adult mice with fornix sham-stimulation ( n = 8).
Basal synaptic transmission was examined in the
hippocampal slices by measuring post synaptic stimulus response curves induced by gradual increases of stimulus intensity.
Consistent with this observation,
hippocampal postmortem brain analyses from individuals with schizophrenia revealed elevated expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA as well as GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors, and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95) proteins, particularly in the CA3 subregion, all of which indicate an increase in synaptic strength through, in part, increasing levels of molecules involved in glutamatergic synaptic transmission [39-41].
Nissl-stained coronal sections were used to estimate the total volume of the total
hippocampal formation, the
hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) subregion, and the striatum.
(22-24) TDP-43 pathology was previously recognized as a feature of
hippocampal pathology in patients with HSaging, (25) but it is now recognized as extending outside of the hippocampus in HS-aging to involve other regions of the limbic system (18,25) and basal forebrain.
All patients and the control group were evaluated for the presence of a rounded hippocampus with a vertically oriented
hippocampal sulcus in coronal slices as the main sign of IHI.
Overall the study concludes that drinking, even socially might cause degenerative disorders of the brain, "Alcohol consumption, even at moderate levels, is associated with adverse brain outcomes including
hippocampal atrophy.
The cerebellum was removed, both hemispheres were mounted onto an agar block with a 10-12[degrees] inclination [23], and coronal slices containing both the PFC (400 [micro]m thick) and the
hippocampal bundle were obtained using a vibratome (Microm HM 650 V, Thermo Scientific, USA).