It is important to stop the jumping genes in the
germ line because DNA in those cells will be passed on to future generations.
Not only does
germ line gene therapy not require the manipulation of normal embryos; it may not even demand the manipulation of abnormal embryos.
To control gametogenesis in the pearl oyster, it is necessary to understand
germ line formation.
The NHA does not mention alteration of
germ line genetics or reproductive embryo cloning.
But all these declarations were made before it was actually feasible to precisely engineer the
germ line. Now, with CRISPR, it is possible.
In 2009 we proposed [1] a solution for the problem of "escaping
germ line from aging" within the framework of a wide range of hypotheses based on the aging notion as a process of accumulation of genomic errors [24-27, 36-38].
In the niche are three kinds of cells:
germ line stem cells, which divide to produce sperm; somatic cyst stem cells, which make a kind of cell that helps the sperm-producing cells out; and hub cells, which make signals that keep the other two kinds of cells going.
Two mitochondrial replacement therapy scenarios would result in genetic modification of an individual's
germ line, and one of these involves human reproductive cloning.
elegans has an invariant cell lineage; however, unlike the 959 terminally differentiated somatic cells, the hermaphrodite
germ line contains actively dividing and differentiating cells [10-12].
Researchers used a virus to generate transgenic animals - a foreign gene that has been deliberately inserted into the genome - on the male
germ line.
Observable effects in the [F.sub.3] generation are thought to result from changes to the
germ line, which is the succession of germ cell DNA that passes from one generation to the next.
Several particular problems are addressed including the moral status of an embryo, cloning for reproduction and
germ line therapy, end of life decisions, and the possibility of conscious robots.
