Discovery of a receptor related to the
galanin receptors.
Another neuropeptide is
galanin, a 29-amino acid peptide that was discovered in 1983 in the porcine intestine as an orexigenic neuropeptide; it is mainly synthesized in the central and peripheral nervous systems and gastrointestinal tract.
Topiramate normalizes hippocampal NPY-LI in flinders sensitive line "depressed" rats and upregulates NPY,
galanin, and CRH-LI in the hypothalamus: Implications for mood-stabilizing and weight loss-inducing effects.
Dmitry
Galanin and his son Mikhail, 10, are missing
A similar kind of institutional critique was tackled in part by an installation by Nick
Galanin (Tlingit/Aleut, 1979).
Vasoactive intestinal peptide, oxytocin,
galanin, and PHM-27 induce prolactin release, as does serotonin, which is thought to be the major stimulating factor accounting for the rise of prolactin during REM sleep.
Bartfai, "
Galanin,
galanin receptors and drug targets," Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, vol.
Son et al., "Coevolution of the spexin/galanin/kisspeptin family: spexin activates
galanin receptor type II and III," Endocrinology, vol.
Berggren, "Suppression of insulin release by
galanin and somatostatin is mediated by a G-protein.
Extrinsic control of the release of
galanin and VIP from intrinsic nerves of isolated, perfused, porcine ileum.
"There is some suggestion that a neuropeptide called
Galanin might be responsible as animal studies have linked it to cravings for both fatty foods and alcohol.
One-year walking intervention, with 3, 40-min sessions*[wk.sup.-1] produced changes in white matter in the frontal and temporal regions that improved short-term memory (57), increased the levels of growth factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as well as insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) (57), promote neuroplasticity and facilitate learning and memory through the release of neurotrophins, glia-derived neurotrophin (GDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and
galanin (22).