To look for mesenteric fat pulled through inadvertently with the bowel, axial T1 and T2 weighted images without
fat saturation was performed which showed fat as a halo of high signal intensity surrounding the wall of the pulled-through bowel.
A) T1-weighted imaging; B, E) 3-dimensional T1-weighted imaging with gadolinium enhancement and
fat saturation; C, F, G) T2weighted imaging; and CT with iodine enhancement (D).
In contrast to the traditional methods of fat suppression using chemically-selective
fat saturation, Dixon-based methods achieve uniform fat suppression even in the presence of BO inhomogeneities (40), which are commonly encountered in breast MRI (41).
Therefore, it can replace two separate scans with and without
fat saturation (e.g., SPAIR and T2-weighted FSE), which can save on the total scan time.
Axial MR images of the left wrist with T1-weighting and T2-weighting with
fat saturation (Figure 1) show a large, infiltrative lesion located deep to the distal carpal tunnel.
Five typical radiological signs have been described on MRA stump with a superomedial orientation, fluid accumulation in the superomedial part of the subacromial bursa, abnormal orientation of the fibers in the tendon stump on T1-weighted images with
fat saturation, and adherence between the bursal tendon side and the wall of the subacromial bursa, with the two formers being the most sensitive isolated criteria for diagnosis (90.9%; CI: 62.3-98.4%; see [10]).
Patients underwent a pelvic MRI screening examination (Signa HDxt 1.5T scanner from GE Medical Systems; Milwaukee, WI, USA) that included the following sequences acquired with 4 mm thick consecutive slices: axial, sagittal, and coronal T2-weighted (T2-w) Fast Recalled Fast Spin Echo (FRFSE), axial T1-weighted (T1-w) Fast Spin Echo (FSE) with and without
fat saturation, and, after intravenous (i.v.) administration of 0.1mmol/kg of gadobenate dimeglumine (MultiHance[R], Gd-BOPTA; Bracco Imaging SpA, Milano, Italy), sagittal and coronal T1-w FSE and axial T1-w FSE with
fat saturation.
MR (Figure 1B) axial proton density with
fat saturation demonstrates edema of the os peroneum as the sesamoid courses within the peroneus longus tendon.
The sagittal T2-WI parameters were as follows: repetition time (TR)/echo time (TE), 6181/130 ms; slice thickness/gap, 4 mm/0.4 mm; field of view (FOV), 240 mm; acquisition matrix, 320 x 320; echo train length (ETL), 24; bandwidth, 62.5 kHz; and no
fat saturation. The coronal T2-WI parameters were as follows: TR/TE, 68/2600 ms; slice thickness/gap, 4 mm/1 mm; FOV, 300 mm; acquisition matrix, 320 x 256; ETL, 14; bandwidth, 62.5 kHz; and
fat saturation.
An unenhanced MR of the pelvis was obtained, using axial and coronal T1 spin echo, and axial and sagittal T2
fat saturation fast spin echo sequences (Figures 2A, 2B).
Moreover,
fat saturation eliminates chemical shift artifact from the epineurial fat along the frequency encoding direction which may obscure the visualization of the perineurium [6].
SIR counted from T1W images (P = 0,7121), T1W images with contrast enhancement (P = 0,4502), and T2W images without
fat saturation (P = 0,7121) did not differ significantly between groups of lesions around strictures treated with ERCP procedure.