extrapyramidal


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extrapyramidal

 [eks″trah-pĭ-ram´ĭ-d'l]
outside the pyramidal tracts.
extrapyramidal disease (extrapyramidal syndrome) any of a group of clinical disorders marked by abnormal involuntary movements, alterations in muscle tone, and postural disturbances; the group includes parkinsonism, chorea, athetosis, and others.
extrapyramidal system a functional, rather than anatomical, unit comprising the nuclei and fibers (excluding those of the pyramidal tract) involved in motor activities; they control and coordinate especially the postural, static, supporting, and locomotor mechanisms. It includes the corpus striatum, subthalamic nucleus, substantia nigra, and red nucleus, along with their interconnections with the reticular formation, cerebellum, and cerebrum; some authorities include the cerebellum and vestibular nuclei. Called also extrapyramidal tract.
Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Seventh Edition. © 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.

ex·tra·py·ram·i·dal

(eks'tră-pi-ram'i-dăl),
Other than the pyramidal tract. See: extrapyramidal motor system.
Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

extrapyramidal

(ĕk′strə-pĭ-răm′ĭ-dl)
adj.
Relating to or involving neural pathways situated outside or independent of the pyramidal tracts.
The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007, 2004 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

extrapyramidal

adjective Referring to that which occurs outside of the pyramidal system of the brain.
Segen's Medical Dictionary. © 2012 Farlex, Inc. All rights reserved.

ex·tra·py·ram·i·dal

(eks'tră-pir-am'i-dăl)
Outside or not involving the pyramidal tract of the central nervous system.
Medical Dictionary for the Health Professions and Nursing © Farlex 2012
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Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) are most familiar side effect in patients treated chronically with first generation antipsychotics (FGAs).
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Individuals with DS who present with extrapyramidal symptoms may be mistaken to have psychomotor slowing due to Alzheimer's; therefore, the occurrence of parkinsonism may be underreported.
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The study is among the first to examine the link between extrapyramidal signs and dementia other than Alzheimer's disease, said Woojae Myung, MD, of Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine in Seoul, South Korea, and his associates.
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(1) The typical clinical manifestation of ADCA type I is cerebellar ataxia with ophthalmoplegia, dementia, extrapyramidal and pyramidal signs.
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Atypical antipsychotics have fewer extrapyramidal side effects because of a weak dopamine D2 receptor binding affinity or a strong antagonistic effect on serotonin 5-HT2a receptor (6).
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Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) observed during the 6-week LATUDA monotherapy study included akathisia (noted for 8%, 11%, and 2% of patients in the LATUDA 20-60 mg, LATUDA 80-120 mg, and placebo groups, respectively), dystonia (0%, 2%, and 0%), parkinsonism (5%, 8%, and 2%), and restlessness (0%, 3%, and <1%).
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