radical prostatectomy alone in prostate cancer patients with positive margins or
extracapsular extension. European Urology, 30th July, 2019.
RT and CT should be added in high grade lymphomas which display
extracapsular extension (5).
Several studies have shown that
extracapsular extension is an important unfavorable prognostic factor in many types of cancer, including breast cancer (1, 6, 7, 10, 11).
Extracapsular extension is a poor predictor of disease recurrence in surgically treated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
Additionally, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups for parameters like BCR, Gleason score, surgical margin positivity, or
extracapsular extension (9).
Final histopathologic findings were consistent with classic PTC American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage T2N1bMx, including tumor nodule measuring 3.7X2.5X2.2 cm in size without
extracapsular extension, one positive lymph node in the paratracheal right neck region VI and two positive lymph nodes in the dissected region IV of the right side of the neck (infiltrated with atypical epithelial cells of light cores with intranuclear inclusions and overlapping).
Forty-one percent of the patients with
extracapsular extension had a PSA <0.2 ng/ml before RT.
Ability of preoperative 3.0-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging to predict the absence of side-specific
extracapsular extension of prostate cancer.
Criteria for metastatic cervical lymphadenopathy include (1) MID [greater than or equal to] 10mm for individual LNs; (2) borderline MID of 8-10mm for three or more contiguous LNs; (3) nodes of any size with central necrosis or
extracapsular extension (ECE) [11-13].
SIGBIC with
Extracapsular Extension. SIGBIC with
extracapsular extension is related to fibrous capsule invasion.
However, only a few studies have kept watch on preoperative evaluation of capsular invasion (CI) or
extracapsular extension (ECE) and cervical lymph node metastasis using preoperative ultrasonography.
The risk of regional recurrence is higher in patients with lymph node metastases, especially in those with more than 10 involved nodes and
extracapsular extension [34].