exonuclease


Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Encyclopedia, Wikipedia.

exonuclease

 [ek″so-noo´kle-ās]
an enzyme that cleaves single mononucleotides from the end of a polynucleotide chain.

ex·o·nu·cle·ase

(ek'sō-nū'klē-ās),
A nuclease that releases one nucleotide at a time, serially, beginning at one end of a polynucleotide (nucleic acid); several have been prepared from Escherichia coli, designated exonuclease I, exonuclease II, etc.; exonuclease III, which removes nucleotides from 3' ends of DNA, is used in DNA sequencing. Compare: endonuclease.

exonuclease

/exo·nu·cle·ase/ (ek″so-noo´kle-ās) any nuclease specifically catalyzing the hydrolysis of terminal bonds of deoxyribonucleotide or ribonucleotide chains, releasing mononucleotides.

exonuclease

(ĕk′sō-no͞o′klē-ās′, -āz′, -nyo͞o′-)
n.
Any of a group of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of single nucleotides from the end of a DNA or RNA chain.

exonuclease

[ek′sōno̅o̅′klē·ās]
Etymology: Gk, exo + L, nucleus, nut; ase, enzyme
an enzyme that digests DNA or RNA from the ends of the strands. Compare endonuclease.

ex·o·nu·cle·ase

(eks'ō-nū'klē-ās)
A nuclease that releases one nucleotide at a time, serially, beginning at one end of a polynucleotide (nucleic acid).
Compare: endonuclease

exonuclease

an enzyme that removes a terminal NUCLEOTIDE (3' or 5') in a POLYNUCLEOTIDE CHAIN. Exonucleases remove the nucleotides in a successive way, one by one, and are highly specific in their action.

ex·o·nu·cle·ase

(eks'ō-nū'klē-ās)
A nuclease that releases one nucleotide at a time, serially, beginning at one end of a polynucleotide (nucleic acid).
Compare: endonuclease

exonuclease

a nuclease that cleaves single mononucleotides from the end of a polynucleotide chain.
exonuclease III
one from E. coli that removes nucleotides from the 3′ ends of double-stranded DNA.
Mentioned in ?
References in periodicals archive ?
Results of dsDNA digestion by lambda exonuclease at different incubation times were analyzed on the 10% denaturing-urea PAGE (Figure 6).
Development of a single stranded DNA aptamer as a molecular probe for LNCap cells using cell-SELEX
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae mhp379 is a Ca2+ dependent, sugar-nonspecific exonuclease exposed on the cell surface.
Mycoplasmas and nucleases
Detection of specific polymerase chain reaction product by utilizing the 5'-3' exonuclease activity of Thermus aquaticus DNA polymerase.
Molecular virology in the clinical laboratory
gene heredity mutation mitosis embryo allele helix clone sequence polymer autosome phenotype recessive metaphase locus polymerase telophase oligonucleotide geneticist interphase prophase phage bacteriophage chromomere transduction transformation nucleus Mendelian genome meiosis chromosome recombinant pedigree plasmid vector replicon nucleosome chromatography zygote centromere anaphase genotype endonuclease backcross exonuclease polyploidy diakinesis cytogenetics crossover segregate codominance dominance translocation nucleolus
Spelling List
From the structure of one such enzyme, which they describe in the March 23 Nature, these researchers conclude that an exonuclease may recognize a nucleotide that needs pruning by flipping out the "orphan" base--the one opposite the damaged site--and binding to that.
DNA flips out! Enzymes repair and modify DNA in a surprising way
The article shows that co-expressing the Cellectis CCR5 nuclease with an exonuclease -enzyme that is able to modify DNA strands' ends- in blood stem cells achieved a markedly enhanced rate of gene disruption: nearly 50% of treated cells exhibited mutations at the CCR5 target site.
Cellectis: A step towards a new therapy for AIDS
Polymerase epsilon exonuclease domain mutations in ovarian endometrioid carcinoma.
Immunohistochemistry as a Practical Tool in Molecular Pathology
The 5'->3' exonuclease activity of Taq polymerase progressively digests the displaced strand during the strand displacement process, thus inhibiting DNA amplification.
Recombinase polymerase amplification for diagnostic applications
In order to understand this method, we need to also know that some DNA polymerases (including common forms of Taq) have an additional enzymatic activity known as a 5'[right arrow]3' (or forward) exonuclease function.
Real-time PCR II: probe methods
Detailed experiments revealed that the exonuclease activity of the polymerase is essential to eliminate the misincorporated unnatural bases in the strands.
Unnatural base pair systems toward the expansion of the genetic alphabet in the central dogma
The DNA polymerase has a 3'[right arrow]5' exonuclease proofreading activity to maintain high fidelity in the amplified products.
Genomic analysis of highly virulent Georgia 2007/1 isolate of African swine fever virus
The fluorescence of unbound probe is quenched until the probe binds to the amplicon and the 5' exonuclease activity of Taq polymerase permanently releases the 5' fluorescent signal.
TaqMan[R] MCB real-time PCR approach to quantification of Perkinsus marinus and Perkinsus spp. in oysters

Medical browser ?
Full browser ?