In addition to tailgut cysts, other differential diagnoses that should be considered when a presacral mass is discovered include epidermoid cyst, dermoid cyst,
endometrioma, rectal duplication cyst, anal gland cyst, and anterior meningocele.
Inclusion criteria were as following: unilateral ovarian
endometrioma diagnosed by ultrasound examination, diameter of
endometrioma between 30-70 mm, no clinical and sonographic suspicion of ovarian cancer and regular menstrual bleeding.
Comment: Ovarian
endometriomas are cysts of the ovary caused by endometriosis.
Further advances occurred when Nezhat et al (54) introduced carbon dioxide laser for the removal of endometriotic implants, excision of
endometrioma capsules, and lysis of adnexal adhesions.
The main aims of treatment are therefore to relieve symptoms of pain and infertility and to treat
endometriomas.
Abdominal wall
endometrioma in a laparoscopic trocar tract.
alone, and more than 50,000 are treated surgically for endometriosis of the ovary, also referred to as an
endometrioma.
Gadolinium also may help to ensure there are no regions of enhancement along the wall of the presumed
endometrioma, as this may be indicative of a necrotic ovarian tumor.
At the end of the observation period,
endometriomas were evaluated using pelvic ultrasound, by a trained physician who was blinded as to which group the patients had been in.
A pelvic ultrasound can help delineate the anatomic origin of the mass, but it also can detect characteristics of the mass that may help with the diagnosis, and the decision of whether or not to proceed to surgery
Endometriomas, mature teratomas (dermoid cysts), simple ovarian cysts, and hemorrhagic cysts have sonographic features that are highly predictive of the histology.
Hemorrhagic cysts can mimic
endometrioma; however, functional cysts lack T2 shortening, a feature of
endometriomas from repeated bleed.
If the women who conceived spontaneously and those who became pregnant following fertility treatment were grouped together, the overall rates of pregnancy before and after
endometrioma surgery were 50% and 71%, respectively, with a combined overall pregnancy rate of 80%.
