According to Getts et al .,[53] microparticles bearing
encephalitogenic peptides can induce T cell tolerance and mitigate experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).
Wienhold et al., "T cell epitopes of human myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein identified in HLA-DR4 (DRB1*0401) transgenic mice are
encephalitogenic and are presented by human B cells," The Journal of Immunology, vol.
Carnegie, "Amino acid sequence of the
encephalitogenic basic protein from human myelin," The Biochemical Journal, vol.
Alphaviruses having single-stranded RNA genome belong to Togaviridae family of viruses and are divided into arthritogenic viruses (old world) and
encephalitogenic viruses (new world) including equine encephalitis viruses.
Pradella et al., "The suppressive effect of IL-27 on
encephalitogenic Th17 cells induced by multiwalled carbon nanotubes reduces the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis," CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, vol.
Topcu et al., "Intravenous gammaglobulin inhibits
encephalitogenic potential of pathogenic T cells and interferes with their trafficking to the central nervous system, implicating sphingosine-1 phosphate receptor 1mammalian target of rapamycin axis," The Journal of Immunology, vol.
Ghrelin exerts therapeutic effects in EAE through the impairment of
encephalitogenic Th1 and Th17 cells, and short-term ghrelin treatment reduces the clinical score of the disease [125].
Upon arresting the offender, a number of such anti-inflammatory mechanisms as secretion of IL-10 and TGF-[beta] and production of AMP by
encephalitogenic and meningeal Treg cells and Th2 cells are initiated to downregulate microglial inflammatory reactions bringing the inflammatory insult to a resting state [30, 31].
(18.) Vojdani A., Campbell A., Anyanwu E., Kashanian A., Bock K., Vojdani E., Antibodies to neuron-specific antigens in children with autism: possible cross-reaction with
encephalitogenic proteins from milk, Chlamydia pneumoniae and Streptococcus Group A.
[Th.sub.2] cell clones specific for
encephalitogenic peptides are unable to induce the disease and can inhibit [Th.sub.1] autoimmune clones, presumably by secreting IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-fi.
For example, a study reports that, as a consequence of immunological cross-reactivity or molecular mimicry between the extracellular IV-like domain of the milk protein butyrophilin and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), butyrophilin can modulate the
encephalitogenic T-cell response to MOG in experimental autoimmune encephalitis [92].
Mice given EGCG orally showed abrogated proliferation and TNF-[alpha] production in
encephalitogenic T cells.
