The occurrence of cardio- and cerebrovascular disease (e.g., cardiomyopathy, valvular disease, angina, acute myocardial infarction, and stroke), malignancies, and colorectal disease (e.g., colonic diverticula,
dolichocolon, and colonic polyps) was investigated as well; smoking habits were also assessed during the follow-up, as a possible confounding factor.
Several factors were cited to explain the occurrence, most commonly looping scope/excessively long colon (
dolichocolon) (20.4%), patient discomfort (15.3%), obstructing tumor (13.9%), and insufficient bowel preparation (12.1%), with stenosis (3.7%) and severe inflammation (3.5%) being less common.