The majority of flow gaps on 2D TOF MRV on the posterior aspect of superior sagittal and transverse sinuses were possibly associated with saturation of in-flow or intra-voxel
dephasing rather than a true anatomic hypoplasia of the venous sinuses.
Miniaturizing the iron oxide particles to certain sizes in which each particle consists of a single magnetic domain with thermal energy high enough to overcome the energy barrier of magnetic flipping could generate local interactions with water protons that can induce proton
dephasing and shorten transverse T2 relaxation.[76],[77] Thus, the aggravation of these iron oxide particles causes a reduced signal that is easily detected on the MRI T2 sequence, achieving a contrast effect.
It was the objectivisation or 'figuration' of some of these points into specific entities (such as technical objects) which progressively generated a '
dephasing' (borrowed from physics) of the different modes of thinking between, among others, technical and religious ones (Simondon 2012[1958]:221-245).
To assess stenosis, an SSFP gradient echo sequence will demonstrate the
dephasing jet through the site of obstruction.
Several articles have considered beam quality in OPCPA systems [26, 27], mainly by examining the influences of the pump beam-profile and
dephasing on OPA gain and signal beam quality.
Gonzalez-Vila, "Selective effects of forest fires on the structural domains of soil humic acids as shown by dipolar
dephasing [sup.13]C NMR and graphical-statistical analysis of pyrolysis compounds," Journal of Soils and Sediments, vol.
In this section, we exemplify our discussion using probably the simplest model of decoherence, the pure
dephasing model [10, 14].
For each voxel of the digital phantom, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) properties including equilibrium magnetization ([M.sub.0]), longitudinal relaxation time ([T.sub.1]), transverse relaxation time ([T.sup.*.sub.2]), and transverse relaxation time with extra
dephasing effects (T2;) were defined [26].
The spin-lattice ([T.sub.1]) relaxation involves the transfer of energy between the spin system and the environment, and spin-spin relaxation ([T.sub.2]) processes involve the
dephasing of nuclear spins, which are entropic processes [8].
Bird, "Recent experimental studies of electron
dephasing in metal and semiconductor mesoscopic structures," Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, vol.
Refocused pulses, usually 180[degrees], correct many sources of
dephasing, making FSE imaging effective for minimising susceptibility artifact.
