Ohno, Contribution of
dectin-1 and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to immunomodulating actions of [beta]-glucan.
NapaJen's novel, proprietary delivery vehicle is built upon schizophyllan, a beta-glucan that specifically binds to
Dectin-1, a cell surface receptor expressed on antigen presenting immune cells, namely dendritic cells and macrophages.
The results were in line with the previous report on
Dectin-1, showing that glucocorticoid could interfere with DCs activation and function.[25] DC-SIGN might participate in immune tolerance induced by Dex.
Induction of immune responses through the activation of
dectin-1 by recognizing [beta]-glucan is an important foundation for the response of the adaptive immune system and will lead to the recruitment of large amounts of neutrophils to help eliminate fungi in tissue and will increase neutrophil/eosinophil ratio (NER).
The scientists found that the receptor,
dectin-1, recognises a protein found in house dust mites, cockroaches, shellfish and other invertebrates, and responds by suppressing immune reactions to these common triggers of allergy and asthma.
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), including toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) [8, 9], toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) [10, 11], lectin-type oxidized LDL receptor 1 (LOX-1) [11, 12], and dendritic cell-associated c-type lectin-1 (
dectin-1) [10, 13], each play an important role in antifungal immunity.
Liu et al., "Inhibition of
dectin-1 signaling ameliorates colitis by inducing Lactobacillus-mediated regulatory T cell expansion in the intestine," Cell Host & Microbe, vol.
Innate immune cells express pattern-recognition receptors, such as
dectin-1, on their surfaces.
evidenced in 2006 the importance of a collaborative response between
dectin-1 and Toll-like receptors to induce a response able to recruit lymphocytes resulting in the containment and killing of the fungi.
On the contrary, M2 macrophages have been demonstrated to express high levels of
dectin-1, DCSIGN (CD209), mannose receptor (CD206), scavenger receptor A, scavenger receptor B-1, CD163, CCR2, CXCR1, and CXCR2 [23] and to produce a large amount of IL-10, YM1, macrophage and granulocyte inducer-form 1 (MgI1), and arginase-1, highlighting their relevance during tissue remodelling and repair [24].