Cystocoele, whether isolated or associated with apical and/ or posterior prolapse, is found in 80% of patients with genital prolapsed.
Single-incision vaginal approach to treat
cystocoele and vault prolapse with an anterior wall mesh anchored apically to the sacrospinous ligaments.
Surgical repair of ventral perineal
cystocoele in a pregnant cow reported by Mitra et al.
(4) Enhorning (1961) found that women with mild cystocele had a 20% incidence of detrusor overactivity and the incidence increases to 52% in those with moderate-to-severe
cystocoele. (4)
A randomized comparison of polypropylene mesh surgery with site-specific surgery in the treatment of
cystocoele. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct 2008;19:467-71http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00192-007-0465-y.
Management of an extremely large
cystocoele. J Obstet Gynaecol 2003; 23: 89-90.
A randomized comparison of polypropylene mesh surgery with site specific surgery in the treatment of
cystocoele. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct.
Prior to this presentation, the patient had suffered for the past decade with
cystocoele and retrocoeles.
The prevalence of
cystocoele in subjects with joint hypermobility was (10 of 24 [41.7%] versus 14 of 36 [38.9%], p= 0.83); rectocoele (8 of 24 [33.3%] versus 15 of 36 [41.7%]; p=0.73) compared to women with normal joint mobility (Table-3).
Her past medical history included well-controlled hypertension and a total vaginal hysterectomy and anterior repair of
cystocoele. She was deemed suitable for extraperitoneal laparoscopic repair of inguinal hernia as a day case procedure.
Previously it was believed that episiotomy shortens the pushing phase and, thus, reduces the chance that the baby will suffer from oxygen deprivation, that it protects the foetal skull and brain from damage as it is "thrust against" the pelvic floor and prevents ragged perineal tears and "permanent relaxation of the pelvic floor with its possible sequelae of
cystocoele, rectocele, and uterine prolapse".2-5 Another reason given by many doctors in support of episiotomy is to maintain vaginal tightness for the enhanced pleasure of a sexual partner.