cyclic guanosine monophosphate


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Related to cyclic guanosine monophosphate: Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

guanosine

 [gwah´no-sēn]
a nucleoside, guanine riboside, one of the major constituents of RNA.
cyclic guanosine monophosphate a cyclic nucleotide, guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate, an intracellular “second messenger” similar in action to cyclic adenosine monophosphate; the two cyclic nucleotides activate different protein kinases and usually produce opposite effects on cell function. Abbreviated 3′,5′-GMP, cGMP, and cyclic GMP.
guanosine monophosphate (GMP) a nucleotide important in metabolism and RNA synthesis.
guanosine triphosphate (GTP) a nucleotide required for RNA synthesis and involved in energy metabolism.

cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)

a substance that mediates the action of certain hormones in a manner similar to that of cyclic adenosine monophosphate. In response to the stimulation of cholinergic receptors in a parasympathetic nerve, guanylate cyclase triggers the conversion of guanosine triphosphate to cGMP with the release of various enzymes. Atropine, an anticholinergic drug, can block cholinergic stimulation by means of this process.
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There are other ways smooth muscle cells in the penis can relax, resulting in an erection: During sexual arousal penile nerves release nitric oxide (NO), which activates the smooth muscle cells to release the messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) inside the cells.
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All available PDE-5 inhibitors work by inhibiting the degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate.
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Phosphodiesterase-5 degrades cyclic guanosine monophosphate, a compound that causes vascular smooth-muscle relaxation.
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It then diffuses to the vascular smooth-muscle cells and stimulates guanylate cyclase to catalyze the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)--a potent vascular smooth-muscle relaxing agent--resulting in vasodilation and increased blood flow.
Beneficial effects of insulin on endothelial function, inflammation, and atherogenesis and their implications
Other authors propose that the defect in malakoplakia may be due to low levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate in mononuclear cells, resulting in deficient lysosomal bacterial degradation and the inability of cells to release the lysosomal enzymes.
Malakoplakia of liver diagnosed by a needle core biopsy; a case report and review of the literature. (Case Reports)

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