To smooth glabellar frown lines, botulinum toxin is injected at the procerus muscle and the
corrugator supercilii muscle, which are located with -2.0 mm peeled images (Fig.
This phenomenon was defined as premier expression, which Zhu and Suzuki (2016) studied in response to auditory surprise stimuli in the
corrugator supercilii muscle and zygomaticus major muscle.
Also, neuromuscular monitoring of
corrugator supercilii muscle in the study could perhaps have shed additional light on timing the optimum conditions for tracheal intubation in the two study groups as current best evidence suggests that the corrugator supercilii reflects laryngeal relaxation better than monitoring of adductor pollicis.
On the other hand, the RMS of EMG signal recorded in correspondence was with facial
corrugator supercilii muscle (following EMG Corrugator), that increases when negative emotions arise [72, 75].
Basada en la experiencia personal de los autores y en la busqueda en PubMed de las siguientes expresiones: <<neuromuscular monitoring / neuromuscular block/degree o muscle relaxation / residual paralysis/adductor pollicis muscle /
corrugator supercilii muscle / mechanomyography / acceleromyography / electromyography / fade / twitch stimulation / train of four TOF / train of four ratio / post-tetanic count (PTC) / tetanus / normalization of the TOF/TOF-watch / intubation / guidelines>>.
Neuromuscular blockade at the larynx, the diaphragm and the
corrugator supercilii muscle: a review.
(27,28)
Corrugator supercilii muscle resection is considered in such patients.
The researchers observed that the patients twitched their smiling-specific zygomaticus major muscle when presented with happy pictures, and the frowning-specific
corrugator supercilii muscle when presented with fearful pictures.
The EMG signal is obtained from electrodes on the forehead that detect when the subject contracts the
corrugator supercilii muscle by frowning.
Following Zhu and Suzuki (2016), we measured reactions of the
corrugator supercilii muscle and zygomaticus major muscle.
The results for the
corrugator supercilii muscle are presented in Figure 2.
The approach based on EMG data uses physical sensors attached to subjects to measure electrical activity of facial muscles, such as the zygomaticus, the orbicularis oculi, and the
corrugator supercilii muscles (Figure 1), associated with smiling, eyelids control, and frowning, respectively.
