This phenomenon was defined as premier expression, which Zhu and Suzuki (2016) studied in response to auditory surprise stimuli in the corrugator supercilii muscle and zygomaticus major muscle.
The results indicated that premier expression occurred in the first 300 ms after stimulus onset while responding to unpleasant stimuli in the corrugator supercilii muscle and was strongly correlated to the event-related potential (ERP) reflecting the initial affective processing (Zhu & Suzuki, 2017, in press).
Also, neuromuscular monitoring of
corrugator supercilii muscle in the study could perhaps have shed additional light on timing the optimum conditions for tracheal intubation in the two study groups as current best evidence suggests that the corrugator supercilii reflects laryngeal relaxation better than monitoring of adductor pollicis.
Basada en la experiencia personal de los autores y en la busqueda en PubMed de las siguientes expresiones: <<neuromuscular monitoring / neuromuscular block/degree o muscle relaxation / residual paralysis/adductor pollicis muscle /
corrugator supercilii muscle / mechanomyography / acceleromyography / electromyography / fade / twitch stimulation / train of four TOF / train of four ratio / post-tetanic count (PTC) / tetanus / normalization of the TOF/TOF-watch / intubation / guidelines>>.
27,28)
Corrugator supercilii muscle resection is considered in such patients.
The researchers observed that the patients twitched their smiling-specific zygomaticus major muscle when presented with happy pictures, and the frowning-specific
corrugator supercilii muscle when presented with fearful pictures.
The EMG signal is obtained from electrodes on the forehead that detect when the subject contracts the
corrugator supercilii muscle by frowning.
Following Zhu and Suzuki (2016), we measured reactions of the
corrugator supercilii muscle and zygomaticus major muscle.
The results for the
corrugator supercilii muscle are presented in Figure 2.
sup][4],[27] The most possible explanation is that nociceptive stimulus can increase the EMG activity of the facial muscles, especially the
corrugator supercilii muscles, which is a specific facial expression of pain.
It involves the involuntary activity of the orbicularis oculi, procerus, and
corrugator supercilii muscles.
Neuromuscular transmission was monitored at the adductor pollicis and
corrugator supercilii muscles using acceleromyography (AMG) (TOF-Watch SX, Organon Teknika, Finland).
