An immunocytochemical (ICC) panel including thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) and thyroglobulin (thyroid markers) combined with CD10, RCC antigen, and
carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) (RCC markers) has been suggested to help in such cases.
Rafajova et al., "Hypoxia activates the capacity of tumor-associated
carbonic anhydrase IX to acidify extracellular pH," FEBS Letters, vol.
Socorro et al., "The structure of
carbonic anhydrase IX is adapted for low-pH catalysis," Biochemistry, vol.
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) is a transmembrane protein that catalyzes the hydration of carbon dioxide to carbonic acid, modulating pH [20].
The expression of
carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.
In this context, blocking
carbonic anhydrase IX, which is specifically upregulated by hypoxia in tumors and participates in tumor progression, represents a promising approach [103].
Supuran,
Carbonic Anhydrase IX: A New Druggable Target for the Design of Antitumor Agents, Med.
Objective: In this study, we evaluated the prognostic value of
carbonic anhydrase IX (CA9) and HIF-la and their relations with anatomic.
Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), plasmatic VEGF level, hypoxia-inducible factor-2-alpha (HIF-2-a) expression, phospho-S6, and phospho-AKT have been reported to be predictive markers of the efficacy of different agents and should be investigated to determine the optimal course of therapy (36, 37).
A potential tumor marker for RCC is a screen for serum
carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX).
Tumor levels of a third tumor protein regulated by HIF-1alpha,
carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), were also decreased, consistent with HIF-1alpha inhibition.
Laferriere et al., "Hypoxia-inducible
carbonic anhydrase IX and XII promote tumor cell growth by counteracting acidosis through the regulation of the intracellular pH," Cancer Research, vol.