Phosphogypsum treated kaolin clay shows peaks pertaining to bassanite and
brushite minerals along with kaolinite.
Lingeman, "
Brushite stone disease as a consequence of lithotripsy?," Urological Research, vol.
Finding a relevant quantity of
brushite in a stone is an important clinical observation due to the specific profile of patients forming
brushite stones, that is, recurrent stone formers who had multiple previous ESWL and who may have converted from another stone composition [13, 20].
XRD analysis of the precipitate obtained by cyclic biomimetic mineralization indicated
brushite formation as defined by the typical peak at 11.76 2[theta] (Figure 1).
They reported that supersaturation of urine with oxalate, uric acid, and
brushite were the same for (G1) and (G3) and higher than (G2).
There are certain stone compositions, such as cystine, calcium oxalate monohydrate and
brushite, that are more resistant to SWL and may be better served by ureteroscopic management.
Urinary stones maybe composed of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM, whewellite), calcium oxalate dihydrate (COD, weddellite), carbonate apatite (CA, dahllite), ammonium urate, magnesium ammonium phosphate (PAM, Struvite), calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (
brushite), uric acid (AU0 anhydrous form and AU2 dihydrate form, uricite) and its salts, cystine, xanthine, 2,8-dihydroxyadenine, and drugs [3].
(11) In addition, high-density stones, such as those containing
brushite, may be relatively resistant to fragmentation with extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and may require more invasive intervention.
Characterization of
brushite as a re-crystallization product formed during bacterial solubilization of hydroxyapatite in batch cultures.
(83,84) This electrochemical method is usually conducted in acidic calcium phosphate solutions and leads to the formation of
brushite coatings which are subsequently converted into apatite by hydrothermal processing.
Principal minerals of rock crusts in the studied region are gypsum (CaS[O.sub.4]-2[H.sub.2]O) and locally developed goethite ([alpha]FeOOH), but various water-soluble salts were also encountered in subflorescences: potassium alum [[KAl(S[O.sub.4]).sub.2]x12[H.sub.2]O], tschermigite [N[H.sub.4]Al(S[O.sub.4] )2"12[H.sub.2]O] and
brushite (CaHP[O.sub.4]x2[H.sub.2]O).
(29)
Brushite (calcium monohydrogen phosphate) stones comprise about a quarter of calcium phosphate stones.
