As per study protocol, average pain in last 24 hrs experienced by the patient recorded as persistent pain, no of episodes of worst pain experienced in last 24 hr recorded as
breakthrough pain, percentage pain relief after intervention recorded in percentage (0 to 100%).
Our findings of 30-minute extension to time to
breakthrough pain could in part be because we considered the lower threshold cutoff for pain as 3 on numerical scale unlike similar studies that used a higher threshold at the moderate pain level (4 for NRS and <2 for VAS) as a point of intervention [18], or because we gave it at preincision rather than at end of surgery hence observing a "shortened" time to next analgesic.
The pain degree and VAS for
breakthrough pain at postoperative 48 hours highly correlated in both groups (Pearson's correlation coefficient r = 0.64, [rho] = 0.001) (Figure 3).
The new and not popular form of
breakthrough pain treatment is a trans-mucosal route of fentanyl.
(Nasdaq: ACRX) is a specialty pharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of innovative therapies for the treatment of acute and
breakthrough pain. AcelRx's lead product candidate, the ARX-01 Sufentanil NanoTab PCA System, which is currently in Phase 3 clinical development, is designed to solve the problems associated with post-operative intravenous patient-controlled analgesia which has been shown to cause harm to patients following surgery because of the side effects of morphine, the invasive IV route of delivery and the inherent potential for programming and delivery errors associated with the complexity of infusion pumps.
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Breakthrough pain requires a different treatment approach than background pain.
The use of AiDPainCare was found to improve the competent prescribing of such co-analgesics, and of opioid (opiate-based) pain medication to treat pain peaks and
breakthrough pain.
Breakthrough pain is a common, debilitating pain that is particularly found in patients with cancer.
Breakthrough pain is a sudden agony that occurs despite a patient having already taken other strong pain-relieving medicines such as morphine.
We also assessed secondary outcomes such as incidence of
breakthrough pain, duration of labour analgesia, infusion rate at delivery, side-effects and maternal satisfaction scores.
The company said it received a complete response letter from the Food and Drug Administration for Bema Fentanyl for
breakthrough pain. It said regulators requested modifications to the submitted risk management program, but noted no deficiencies in other areas, and it now anticipates approval in the first half of 2009.