bone flap

bone flap

portion of cranium removed but left attached to overlying muscle-fascial blood supply; term is often used incorrectly for a completely detached cranial section, that is, a bone graft.

bone flap

(bōn flap)

Portion of cranium removed but left attached to overlying muscle-fascial blood supply; term is often used incorrectly for a completely detached cranial section, i.e., a bone graft.

flap

1. a mass of tissue for grafting (1), usually including skin, only partially removed from one part of the body so that it retains its own blood supply during transfer to another site. See also specific sites, such as conjunctival.

2. an uncontrolled movement.

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advancement flap

release of a portion of tissue and reattachment at an advanced position.

antral flap

in circumcostal gastropexy or belt loop gastropexy a seromuscular flap from the pyloric antrum is passed under a rib or strip of abdominal wall muscle and sutured back to its position on the stomach.

axial pattern flap

pedicle flaps with a direct cutaneous artery and vein are transferred to defects within their radius with a high chance of survival.

bipedicle flap

the space created by undermining skin between two parallel incisions can be used to reconstruct skin defects, usually onto a distal limb which is inserted into the space. Called also pouch flap.

bone flap

a surgical procedure in which a flap is created in a flat bone by leaving one side of a rectangle cut in the bone intact. Used for gaining access to a cavity, e.g. a sinus, with minimum disfigurement.

buccal flap

a section of mucosa released from mucosa of the gum and lip used to close oronasal fistulas.

cartilage flap

a detached piece of cartilage as a result of osteochondrosis dissecans, seen particularly in the shoulder of dogs.

composite flap

skin with muscle, bone or cartilage.

cranial sartorius muscle flap

the muscle is dissected free, severed at its insertion on the tibia and used to repair prepubic tendon ruptures or femoral hernias.

cross-lid flap

a skin flap from an eyelid is used to fill a defect in the opposite lid. Called also Cutler-Beard or bucket-handle flap.

external abdominal oblique muscle flap

can be used to repair defects in the abdominal wall or caudal thoracic wall.

free flap

an island flap detached from the body and reattached at the distant recipient site by microvascular anastomosis.

flap-imprint

interlocking processes in adult cortical lens fibers.

ischial-pubic flap

to increase exposure for surgery in the colorectal region, osteotomies of the pubic and ischial bones may be required. The bone flap created is reflected and replaced at the conclusion of the surgical procedure.

island flap

a flap consisting of skin and subcutaneous tissue, with a pedicle made up of only the nutrient vessels.

mucoperiosteal flap

a section of oral mucosa, gingiva and underlying periosteum in periodontal surgery and tooth extractions.

mucosal flap

used in repair of defects in the oral cavity such as oronasal fistula and those created by excision of tumor and bone.

myocutaneous flap

a compound flap of skin and muscle with adequate vascularity to permit sufficient tissue to be transferred to the recipient site.

pedicle flap

see pedicle graft.

omental flap

transposed through subcutaneous tunnels and used to cover soft tissue defects, stimulate granulation and control adhesion.

overlapping flap

a technique for repair of cleft soft palate with two flaps, one on the oral side and one on the nasal side, and with the assistance of relaxing incisions these are overlapped to ensure an adequate seal.

rope flap

one made by elevating a long strip of tissue from its bed except at its two ends, the cut edges then being sutured together to form a tube. Called also tubed graft.

rotary door flap

a myocutaneous flap in which an island of skin is rotated to fill the airway defect created by laryngeal resection.

rotation flap

see pedicle graft.

skin flap

a standard technique in skin grafting; based on the part isolation of a graft by creation of a flap which retains its original circulation while becoming established at the new site on the new blood supply. Many types of flap are used, e.g. axial pattern, bipedicle, composite, delayed tube, direct, interpolating, reverse saphenous conduit. See also skin graft.

sliding flap

technique for closing skin wounds where there is a large deficiency of skin. Includes sliding-H flap and Z-flap or Z-plasty. Skin around the defect is separated from its subcutis and the defect repaired by strategic additional incisions and the use of tension sutures.

tracheal flap

a method of placing a tracheostomy tube which will minimize the subsequent formation of excessive granulation tissue. The opening is made by cutting a flap across two tracheal rings and reflecting it to permit entry of the tube. After extubation, the flap is replaced.

transposition flap

rectangular flap of skin repositioned to fill a defect.

tube flap, tunnel flap

rope flap.