back-translation

The process of translating a document that was translated from one language to another back to the original language. Back-translation is a mechanism that ensures that consent forms, surveys and other clinical trial documents are clear and accurate in the translated form.

References in periodicals archive ?

Back-Translation, Missing Data, Normality, and Reliability) which need long time to look at deeply, especially, for the researchers who are not well-established in research methods.

A pilot study: vital methodological issues

WellShare will arrange translation and back-translation.

Provision of Emergency contraceptive assessment consultant

It is worth remarking, however, that back-translation is more of a 'band-aid' applied across the problem of equivalence (Usunier 2009) and it does not solve the fundamental incongruity of categories between systems.

A linguistic and philosophical analysis of emic and etic and their use in international business research

This technique involves four steps: (1) forward-translation of the English instrument into the target language by a bilingual individual, (2) back-translation of the translated instrument into English by another bilingual individual, (3) comparative review of the original English and back-translated English versions of the instrument for any inconsistencies, and (4) revision of the translated instrument through collaborative work by the bilingual translators (and possibly additional bilingual individuals).

Culturally competent social work research: methodological considerations for research with language minorities

The most beneficial activity has been back-translation class activity.

Role of native language in learning English / Gimtosios kalbos vaidmuo mokantis anglu kalbos

A back-translation from the Four Lectures on Theory of Relativity.

Geometry of space-time

In other cases the problem arose in the back-translation itself, and was readily acknowledged:

Back translation as a means of giving translators a voice

Finally, the IASCF may wish to consider using the established methodology of back-translation.

IFRS: beyond the standards

A direct back-translation of this into English would be: 'When you see a red light stand here'.

WALES: WHEN GREEN LIGHT SHOWS ...WAIT HERE?

Next, another native speaker performs a precise back-translation, providing a snapshot into how the message is being conveyed to the target audience.

International pros: eclipsing the Tower of Babel: Brittany Bodart, Director of Linguistic Validation, TransPerfect Translations, GALA, highlights some of the problems and solutions for multilingualism in clinical trials

The back-translation method is commonly used and is the recommended procedure for translating an instrument from the source language to another language (Cohen & Jones, 1990).

Translation of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale into American sign language: a principal components analysis. (Instrument Development)

In designing the Arabic version of the SAS, guidelines proposed in the literature on the cross-cultural methodology (Brislin, 1980) were followed as closely as possible; for example, independent (blind) back-translations and educated translation.