aspiration pneumonitis

Acute lung injury after inhalation of gastric acidic gastric content (food, gastric acid, vomitus), which causes chemical burns of the tracheobronchial tree and pulmonary parenchyma. Tissue destruction facilitates colonisation by bacteria and subsequent infection; lung parenchyma is acutely inflamed, haemorrhagic and oedematous with atelectasis and necrosis.

Aetiology
Altered consciousness (e.g., drug overdose), seizures, CVA, anaesthetics.

Autopsy findings
Aspiration pneumonia is not a “good” cause of death on a death certificate for a patient who dies in ITU, as patients are usually NPO (oral foods and fluids withheld).

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References in periodicals archive ?

c) Radiological evidence of aspiration pneumonitis (Atelectasis and/or hyperinflation).

Meconium-stained amniotic fluid and meconium aspiration syndrome--a study on risk factors and neonatal outcome

Acute complications include acute respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), types I and II paralysis, intermediate syndrome (IMS), sudden cardiac death, aspiration pneumonitis, and resecretions.

Clinical profile of organophosphate poisoning at a tertiary-care center

He had also developed aspiration pneumonitis and chemical oesophagitis.

Hair dye poisoning and rhabdomyolysis

Another risk: If food and water haven't been withheld beforehand, the patient can vomit and inhale them into the lungs, and develop aspiration pneumonitis.

Anesthesia presents fewer risks today: improved drugs, precise monitoring and an increase in the number of specialists all contribute to greater safety

Another risk: If food hasn't been withheld beforehand, the possibility of the patient's vomiting, then inhaling it into the lungs and developing aspiration pneumonitis can occur.

Anesthesia presents fewer risks today: improved drugs, precise monitoring and an increase in the number of specialists all contribute to greater safety

Aspiration of gastric contents into the respiratory tract reportedly causes significant morbidity and mortality and is accepted as the key initiating event for aspiration pneumonitis - a form of acute lung injury caused by the acidity of the gastric contents, and aspiration pneumonia - the consequence of the growth of pathogenic bacteria contained in the oropharynx aspirated into the tracheobronchial tree.

Aradigm Corporation secures USD260,000 NIH grant to investigate new diagnoses tests of aspirations of gastrointestinal contents into respiratory tract

This may reduce the risk of aspiration pneumonitis.

Anesthetic management of a scleroderma patient undergoing tricuspid valve replacement under cardiopulmonary bypass

7) Aspiration pneumonitis, cardiac and neurological impairment are the other potential complications of drug overdose.

Acute drug overdose: clinical profile, etiologic spectrum and determinants of duration of intensive medical treatment

During the induction, Paulett aspirated bile into her lungs, resulting in a decrease in her oxygen-saturation levels and ultimately, her death as a result of aspiration pneumonitis.

Anesthesia error results in death: verdict for $20 million cut to $4 million

The researchers determined the cardiac arrest rate among women with various coexisting conditions, and found the following: hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (27%), postpartum hemorrhage (25%), antepartum hemorrhage (16%), amniotic fluid embolism (14%), cardiomyopathy (13%), anesthetic complications (9%), sepsis (8%), aspiration pneumonitis (8%), and venous thromboembolism (7%).

Maternal cardiac arrest rates revised higher

If gastric contents are aspirated into the lungs it may result in aspiration pneumonitis leading to extended ventilation and admission to intensive care (Farman 2004).

Cricoid pressure: are we doing it right?

born man aged 46 years with a history of seizure disorder, alcoholism, homelessness, and incarceration was admitted to an Oklahoma hospital for presumed alcohol withdrawal seizures and aspiration pneumonitis.