Angiodysplasia and NSAID-induced small bowel lesions are the most common etiologies in patients 40 years old or older.
Non-CD patients 189 Normal 79 (41.8%)
Angiodysplasia 63 (33.3%) Celiac disease 4 (2.1%) Mass lesions 6 (3.2%) Nonspecific changes 31 (16.4%) Angiodysplasia/Polyp 5 (2.6%) Angiodysplasia/Celiac 1 (0.5%) Capsule retention 1 (0.5%) Incomplete study 5 (2.6%) (2 due to gastroparesis) Other complications 0 CD: Crohn's disease.
had noted that PHE included mucosal inflammatory changes such as edema, erythema, granularity, friability, and spontaneous bleeding as well as vascular lesions such as cherry red spots, telangiectasias,
angiodysplasia, and varices [6].
angiodysplasia. It is characterized by limb hypertrophy caused by venous and rarely arterial malformations and skeletal hypoplasia [28, 29].
Cardiac diseases may favor GIB through various mechanisms: ischemia, emboli formation, or through association with a vascular lesion with bleeding potential, such as aortic stenosis and
angiodysplasia, infectious endocarditis--mycotic aneurysm, Marfan syndrome--dissecting aneurysm.
The differential diagnosis may include some benign and malignant gastric neoplasms, such as nonneoplastic gastric polyps; some other soft tissue tumors with lipomatous components/differentiation, such as lipoma, angiomyolipoma, and well-differentiated liposarcoma; and vascular lesions, such as
angiodysplasia and glomus tumors.
There are many possible causes of GI hemorrhage, which include esophageal varices, peptic ulcer, gastritis, polyps,
angiodysplasia, diverticular disease, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), hemorrhoids, anal fissure, and cancer (1).
Vascular lesions of the gastrointestinal tract include hemangioma, telangiectasia,
angiodysplasia and phlebectasia (1) and they account for 5-10% of all benign neoplasms of the small bowel.
The incidence of LGIB ranges from 20.5 to 27 cases per 100,000 in adults in the US [2, 3] and increases markedly with age, reflecting underlying diseases such as diverticular disease,
angiodysplasia, colitis, and neoplasia [2-4].
Several studies have demonstrated that vascular damage occurs throughout the intestinal tract and that mucosal abnormalities (including watermelon stomach, intestinal telangiectasias, and
angiodysplasia) may be present in more than 50% of SSc patients and are usually associated with a more pronounced vasculopathic phenotype (i.e., digital ulcers and pulmonary artery hypertension) [34].
Prucalopride Control (n = 29) (n = 25) All positive findings 22 11
Angiodysplasia 12 4 Ulcer/erosions 4 3 Fresh blood 6 2 Mass 0 2
The patient's past medical history included a severe hypertensive and valvular heart disease, chronic kidney failure, right carotid stenosis, hiatal hernia, colon
angiodysplasia, and a Raynaud's syndrome.
