aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
(redirected from aminoacyl-tRNA ligases)a·mi·no·ac·yl-tRNA syn·the·tas·es
enzymes catalyzing the formation of a specific aminoacyl-tRNA from an amino acid and adenosine 5'-triphosphate with the concomitant formation of adenosine 5'-monophosphate and pyrophosphate.
Synonym(s): amino acid activating enzyme, aminoacyl-tRNA ligases
tRNA
transfer RNA (ribonucleic acid).
aminoacyl-tRNA
transfer RNA to which its specific amino acid has been coupled by its specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase.
aminoacyl-tRNA binding site
one of two tRNA binding sites on a ribosome that holds the incoming tRNA molecule charged with an amino acid. Called also A site.
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases
a set of enzymes that couple each of the 20 amino acids to its appropriate tRNA molecule.
initiator tRNA
a special methionine tRNA that binds to the initiation codon AUG that forms part of the initiation complex at the start of mRNA translation.
peptidyl-tRNA binding site
one of two tRNA binding sites on a ribosome that holds the tRNA that is normally linked to the polypeptide chain. Called also P site.