alkylating agent


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al·kyl·at·ing a·gent

a drug or chemical that, through the formation of covalent bonds, forms a derivatized tissue constituent permanently containing part of the drug or chemical compound; frequently carcinogenic and mutagenic, but often used in the chemotherapy of cancer (for example, nitrogen mustards and carmustine).

alkylating agent

Molecular biology An organic compound able to transfer an alkyl group to a nucleotide Oncology A generic term for any of a family of chemotherapeutics that cause irreversible damage to tumor cells and apoptotic destruction Route of administration IV, oral Adverse reactions Stomatitis, N&V, diarrhea, skin rash, anemia, alopecia; with cyclophosphamide, hemorrhagic cystitis, cardiac toxicity. Cf Antimetabolite, Plant alkaloid, Topoisomerase inhibitor.

al·kyl·at·ing a·gent

(alki-lāt-ing ājĕnt)
Drug or chemical that, through the formation of covalent bonds, forms a derivatized tissue constituent permanently containing part of the drug or chemical compound.

alkylating agent

A drug which interferes with DNA synthesis by adding an alkyl group and preventing the uncoiling of the strands. This halts DNA replication so that cells cannot reproduce, an effect useful in the treatment of cancer. Drugs in this group include nitrogen mustard, CHLORAMBUCIL, CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE, BUSULPHAN (busulfan) and thiotepa.

Alkylating agent

A chemical that alters the composition of the genetic material of rapidly dividing cells, such as cancer cells, causing selective cell death; used as a topical chemotherapeutic agent to treat CTCL.
Mentioned in: Alemtuzumab, Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma
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References in periodicals archive ?
Conditioning regimens determine the overall risk of developing SOS; several alkylating agents given in high doses have been associated with development of SOS in this setting [3, 16].
Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome (SOS) in Multiple Myeloma with Renal Failure
Pyrroloimidazole 1a was obtained by using isopropyl bromoacetate as an alkylating agent and phenyl vinyl sulfone as dipolorophile.
New Pyrroloimidazoles by 1, 3-Dipolar Cycloaddition and their Biological Activities
A study of the stability of three phase-transfer catalysts to afford five different nucleophiles suggests the feasibility of quaternary ammonium salts acting as alkylating agents for certain carbon and sulfur nucleophiles [7] and demonstrates the reaction of thiolate nucleophiles with a catalyst in preference to the substrate.
A Novel and Chemoselective Process of N-Alkylation of Aromatic Nitrogen Compounds Using Quaternary Ammonium Salts as Starting Material
Data from this study suggest that alkylating agents caused a loss of renal function and this is consistent with previous reports [48,49].
Protective effect of quercetin on Melphalan-induced oxidative stress and impaired renal and hepatic functions in rat
(21) Cyclophosphamide was chosen because it is platelet-sparing, readily available, and cost-effective, and because, like chlorambucil, it is an alkylating agent. (29) In addition, it is available as an oral formulation, which was important in a bird that was not a candidate for repeated intravenous treatment.
Long-term treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in a green-winged macaw (Ara chloroptera)
At one TRC member institution, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), researchers are focusing their attention on the effects of simple and complex alkylating agents, a class of DNA-damaging environmental toxins and toxicants that cause cell death, mutations, birth defects, and cancer.
MIT toxicogenomics research program
Amifostine has demonstrated selective protection of some types of normal tissue when administered with several antineoplastic drugs, including cisplatin, carboplatin, mitomycin and alkylating agents. Protected tissues include bone marrow, skin, small intestine, colon, lung, esophagus, kidneys, liver and others.
Amifostine: Cytoprotector
Cell lines from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) are hypersensitive to the cell-killing effects of ionizing radiation and alkylating agents |4, 7-9~, but not to the cell-killing effects of UV light.
Studies on DNA repair defects in degenerative brain disease
The standard treatment includes surgical resection, radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy, mostly with alkylating agent Temozolamide (TMZ).
The significance of MGMT methylation in Glioblastoma Multiforme prognosis
OBI-3424 is a first-in-class novel small-molecule prodrug that selectively targets cancers overexpressing the enzyme aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) and selectively releases a potent DNA alkylating agent in the presence of the AKR1C3 enzyme.
OBI Pharma awarded US FDA orphan drug designation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) treatment OBI-3424
Each wafer contains carmustine, a nitrosourea alkylating agent, distributed in a biodegradable polymer matrix.
Noblepharma and Eisai Announce Japan Lunch of Antineoplastic Agent Gliadel(R) 7.7 mg Implant
"Any regimen that has an alkylating agent such as cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), those patients are at high risk.
Fertility preservation is option for ca patients: methods are improving, and this is a real option to offer cancer patients

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