Prolactin and oxytocin release during suckling seems to add to this latter effect by acting to decrease breastfeeding women's HPA-axis responsiveness, and likely their episodic release of
adrenal androgens as well.
The clinical symptoms of CAH directly result from either the deficiencies in mineralocorticoid or glucocorticoid production or from the overproduction of
adrenal androgens.
Regardless of the patient's BMI, those who present with symptoms of PCOS, including oligo- or amenorrhea, infertility, acne, hirsutism, or ovarian cysts, should receive a thorough workup including evaluation of ovarian and
adrenal androgen hormones in addition to an assessment of insulin utility.
DHEA is used as a marker of
adrenal androgen production; abnormally low concentrations of DHEA may occur in patients with adrenal insufficiency, older adults, and peri- and postmenopausal women.
Major direct determinants of circulating IGF-I concentrations GH Protein-calorie intake Catabolic stressors Illnesses Sepsis Trauma Anorexia/bulemia nervosa Thyroxine Insulin Binding affinity of ALS for IGFBP-3/IGF-I Indirect determinants operating through the GH/IGF-I axis Aging Body fat (possibly via leptin) Estrogens Androgens
Adrenal androgens (e.
As an
adrenal androgen, DHEA acts as a steroid precursor for gonadal and peripheral testosterone and estrogen production.
We found that DHEA-sulfate correlated with calculated BAT, perhaps reflecting that
adrenal androgens and peripheral conversion to BAT may cause an elevation of BAT itself.
Matsuoka LY, Wortsman J, Lifrak ET, Parker LN, Mehta RG: Effect of isotretinoin in acne is not mediated by
adrenal androgens.
When secretion of
adrenal androgens or other hormones is decreased, this can cause depletion of downstream sex hormones, which in turn lowers sexual function and exacerbates menopausal transition.
They found that castration-resistant metastases expressed higher levels of many enzymes responsible for the synthesis of
adrenal androgens.
A subset of androgens,
adrenal androgens, includes any of the 19-carbon steroids synthesized by the adrenal cortex, the outer portion of the adrenal gland (zonula reticularis--innermost region of the adrenal cortex), that function as weak steroids or steroid precursors, including dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and androstenedione.
Genetics, Pwpiombactcnum acnes colonization, and stress-related production of
adrenal androgens are among the factors that have been implicated, observed Dr.
