activation energy

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Activation Energy

The energy in joules needed to convert a mole of a substance from a ground state to a transition state, which allows a chemical reaction to occur.

ac·ti·va·tion e·ner·gy

(ak'ti-vā'shŭn en'ĕr-jē)

Minimum amount of energy to convert a stable molecule to a reactive molecule.

activation energy

The energy needed to form chemical bonds during a chemical reaction or to break existing ones.

Fig. 10 Activation energy . (a) Activation energy required without enzymes. (b) Activation energy required with enzymes. (c) Energy from exergonic reaction.

activation energy

the energy required to initiate a reaction. Chemical bonds holding molecules together are difficult to break, requiring extra ‘activation’ energy to push the bonded atoms apart. This extra energy makes the bonds less stable so that the molecule releases not only the activation energy but also the energy unlocked when the chemical bonds break, forming an EXERGONIC REACTION.

Activation energy can be applied externally as heat, but this is inappropriate for living organisms. Instead, they rely on biological catalysts (ENZYMES) which decrease the activation energy needed for the reaction to take place. See Fig. 10 . See also ENDERGONIC REACTION.

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Furthermore, as the vertical activation energy of the equilibrated samples is not reduced irreversibly by processing, it is stated that the degree of branching is not affected by mechanical degradation.

Influence of Processing on the Flow Properties of Long-Chain Branched Polypropylene

And hot deformation apparent activation energy of the AZ81E alloy is 166.15 kJ/mol, approximately.

Development of Processing Maps for AZ81E Magnesium Alloy

The activation energy and ash content of raw coal were determined as 41.24 kJ/mol and 35.84%, respectively.

Investigation of the Thermal Improvement and the Kinetic Analysis of the Enriched Coal

The Arrhenius equation was used in a modified form to illustrate the relationship between the effective moisture diffusion and the ratio of the microwave output power to sample weight (m/P) instead of the temperature for calculation of the activation energy. The modified Arrhenius equation (6) derived by Dadali et al.

Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Drying Kinetics and Color Changes of Ginkgo Biloba Seeds during Microwave Drying Process

After fitting is conducted over the fixed viscosity and temperature reciprocal, the activation energy of the viscous flow of a slag component was obtained according to the slope.

Influence of [Al.sub.2][O.sub.3] Content on the Melting and Fluidity of Blast Furnace Type Slag with Low Ti[O.sub.2] Content

Reaction temperature-dependent rate constants were obtained in the experiments, and the activation energy and pre-exponential factor were determined using equation (7).

Kinetic Modeling Study of NOx Conversion Based on Physicochemical Characteristics of Hydrothermally Aged SCR/DPF Catalyst

The f([alpha]) function can be determined from a nonisothermal curve if activation energy is known (Malek 1989).

Theoretical Determination of a Thermogravimetric Model of Oak Cork (Quercus variabilis) Using Malek Kinetic Analysis

Where Ea, R, Ko and T are activation energy for the hydration process in kJ.mol-1, universal gas constant in 8.314x10-3 kJ mol-1 K-1, frequency factor or pre-exponential constant in % s-1, the soaking temperatures (K), respectively.

Hydration Kinetics of Some Durum and Bread Wheat Varieties Grown in South-Eastern Region of Turkey

The activation energy values we got for FeAc and FeAc-FD are smaller than those ones found in scientific literature for some transition metal acetates [8].

Structural and Magnetic Characterization of Nanostructured Iron Acetate

Several models [11-14] employed single activation energy value to estimate kinetic parameters, assuming a first order of reaction, whilst other methods [5, 7, 15] made use of the distribution of activation energy values over the entire range of pyrolysis process.

Variable activation energy principle to model oil shale pyrolysis kinetics

where d[alpha]/dt is the reaction speed, [s.sup.-1]; k is the speed constant; E is the activation energy, J/mol; R is the universal gas constant, J/(mol x K); T is the temperature, K; [alpha] is the degree of transformation, %.

Study of the influence of magnesium hydroxide on the combustibility performance of polymer compositions based on ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer