In women, LV
fluid replacement maintains euhydration, but an increased fluid intake (HV) raises the risk of body mass gain and gastrointestinal discomfort.
Because many elderly suffer from cardiac problems, they are particularly prone to volume overload and need careful monitoring during
fluid replacement.
Table 1 provides a summary of the volume and composition of the fluid ingested during the warm-up as well as the
fluid replacement values.
Experience has proven and current research now supports the theory that sodium replenishment and
fluid replacement are the keys to the prevention of cramping.
Once the blood glucose level approaches 250 mg/dL, 5% dextrose should be added to the
fluid replacement regimen.
In cases of severe hypotension not responding to
fluid replacement, the protocol called for giving 100 mg of cortisol intravenously.
An easy-to-mix
fluid replacement can be made by parents from items most have in their kitchens "Grandma's Oral Rehydration Recipe" (see box).
Plasters,
fluid replacement sachets, paracetamol, antihistamines, antacids, anti-diarrhoeals, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory creams and anti-nausea tablets.
The kidney needs
fluid replacement and if not given adequate amount of fluids the kidney will go into acute renal shutdown.
There was no other
fluid replacement preparation available on the plane.
Because rapid
fluid replacement with hypotonic solutions carries an increased risk of cerebral edema, the consensus statement urged slower fluid-deficit correction with isotonic or near-isotonic solutions, which achieve earlier reversal of acidosis.