Systems biology reveals uncoupling beyond
UCP1 in human white fat-derived beige adipocytes.
The uncoupling protein 1 gene (
UCP1) is disrupted in the pig lineage: a genetic explanation for poor thermoregulation in piglets.
Regulation of
UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3 mRNA expression in brown adipose tissue, white adipose tissue, and skeletal muscle in rats by estrogen.
In obese mice fed a ketogenic diet (0.4% of energy as carbohydrate), expression of
UCP1 and UCP2 increased in adipose and the liver, respectively [148].
In BAT, adrenergic signaling through the [beta]3-adrenergic receptor ([beta]3-AR) stimulates
UCP1 gene expression through the activation of protein kinase A and D2 via deubiquitination and promotes thermogenesis and weight loss.
In contrast to
UCP1, it has been postulated that UCP3 regulates cellular lipid metabolism by exporting those fatty acids that cannot be oxidized from the mitochondrial matrix to prevent their deleterious accumulation [43].
IGF2BP2 was originally identified as an RBP capable of binding IGF2 mRNA [9], and later studies suggest that it also targets other transcripts, such as LAMB2 [10], LIMS2 [11], TRIM54 [11],
UCP1 [12], and 12 other genes encoding mitochondrial components [12].
Attenuation of NR4A receptor activity inhibited beta-adrenoceptor receptor-stimulated uncoupling protein 1 (
UCP1) gene transcription in vitro [88].
Fenofibrate can increase energy expenditure in diet-induced obese mice [117] owing to its ability to upregulate via PPAR[alpha] pathway thermogenesis-related genes such as
UCP1, PRDM16, PGC1[alpha], nuclear respiratory factor 1, and mitochondrial transcription factor A [117, 120].
They also observed an increase in
Ucp1 and Fgf21, which are important metabolic regulatory proteins involved in thermogenesis.
Bu calismanin sonucunda, beyaz yag dokusu ve iskelet kas dokusunda UCP2 gen ekspresyonun arttigi, kahverengi yag dokusunda ise
UCP1 gen ekspresyonun arttigi rapor edilmis ve borik asidin bu sayede termogenezi arttirip, vucut agirliginda azalmayi saglayabilecegi bildirilmistir (31).
[3] Brown fat cells possess numerous mitochondria that contain a unique protein called uncoupling protein 1 (
UCP1).