systemic inflammatory response syndrome

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systemic inflammatory response syndrome

clinical state consisting of two or more coexisting conditions: fever or hypothermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, and an abnormally high leukocyte count.

systemic inflammatory response syndrome

clinical state consisting of two or more coexisting conditions: fever or hypothermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, and an abnormally high leukocyte count.

Farlex Partner Medical Dictionary © Farlex 2012

systemic inflammatory response syndrome

A term that 'was developed to imply a clinical response arising from a nonspecific insult and includes two or more of the following. See Sepsis, Septic shock, Severe sepsis.

Systemic inflammatory responses

Temperature < 36ºC or > 38ºC

Heart rate > 90 beats/min

Respiratory rate pCO₂ < 32 mm Hg or > 20 breaths/min

WBC count < 4 x 109 or > 12 x 109 or , or the presence of > 0.10 immature neutrophils

systemic inflammatory response syndrome

SIRS

Any severe illness characterized by a heart rate > 90 beats per min, respirations exceeding 20 breaths per minute, a PaCO2 of less than 32 mm Hg, and a white blood count greater than 12,000 cells/mL or less than 4000 cells/mL (or the presence of more than 10 percent immature (band) white blood cells. SIRS can begin with any serious illness or injury involving inflammation but is most often associated with systemic infection (sepsis) caused by gram-negative bacteria. See: sepsis; septic shock

Etiology

Lipopolysaccharide endotoxins released by gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria bind with lymphocytes and endothelial cells, stimulating a cascade of cytokine release, which produces systemic inflammation of blood vessels, tissues, and organs. Shock develops when cytokines cause vasodilation and increased vascular permeability; SIRS is one of the main causes of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome.

Treatment

Treatment for SIRS is focused on treating the primary cause. Multiple antibiotic therapy is required in sepsis. Supportive measures include the use of intravenous fluids and pressors, to support blood pressure, and intensive monitoring and optimization of oxygenation, ventilation, blood pressure, cardiac rhythms, serum electrolytes, and renal function.

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Liu, "Systemic inflammatory responses and lung injury following hip fracture surgery increases susceptibility to infection in aged rats," Mediators of Inflammation, vol.

However, when the organisms are overwhelmed by the trauma, the local inflammation is out of control and result in systemic inflammatory response which leads to ALI [24-27].

Serum miR-146a and miR-150 as Potential New Biomarkers for Hip Fracture-Induced Acute Lung Injury

Background: Major abdominal surgery, including colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery, leads to systemic inflammatory response syndrome that can be detected and monitored with inflammatory markers testing.

Major abdominal surgeries, including colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery, lead to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).

Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 and Inflammatory Markers in Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study

Systemic inflammatory responses in intensive care settings lead to subsequent multiple organ failure, which can, in turn, become uncontrollable and lead to death.

Our findings suggest the possibility that the use of VEPS membranes in HDF contributed to an improved survival rate and reduced organ failure compared to PS membranes following severe systemic inflammatory responses. Thus, the use of VEPS membranes in ABP may be advantageous when treating severe conditions.

Vitamin E-coated polysulfone membrane-based hemodiafiltration attenuates inflammation in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation

Our results are consistent with a growing body of literature suggesting that cholesterol metabolism plays a critical role in modulating systemic inflammatory responses (31,32).

APOE genotype affects outcome in a murine model of sepsis: implications for a new treatment strategy

To further evaluate the systemic inflammatory responses in preeclamptic pregnancy, we compared the proinflammatory cytokines in plasma samples from preeclamptic and nonpreeclamptic women.

Innate immune response by ficolin binding in apoptotic placenta is associated with the clinical syndrome of preeclampsia

The randomized, double-blind study included 494 men and women aged at least 18 years who had systemic inflammatory responses and physical findings suggestive of intraabdominal infections resulting from surgical interventions such as open laparotomy, laparoscopic surgery, and percutaneous drainage.

Ertapenem found effective for intraabdominal infections

Intimal tear and crossing of blood into the artery wall leads to the formation of a false lumen and subsequent systemic inflammatory responses.[sup][2] Aortic surgery, along with greater surgical trauma, longer cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA), and massive transfusion aggravates this response.

Early Kinetics of Procalcitonin in Predicting Surgical Outcomes in Type A Aortic Dissection Patients

Some studies have suggested that leukocyte filters could reduce expression of CD11b/CD18 in leukocytes [6], alleviate systemic inflammatory responses [7,8], and improve outcomes [7,9,10].

Long-term leukocyte filtration should be avoided during extracorporeal circulation

However, the role of this adaptive response in the local lung and systemic inflammatory responses induced by PM exposure has not been well studied to date.

Contribution of lung macrophages to the inflammatory responses induced by exposure to air pollutants