USP9x hydrolyzes
Smad4 monoubiquitination [95-97], enhancing TGF-[beta] signal.
The primary aim of this study was to examine the protein expression levels of
SMAD4 in mucosal biopsies obtained from the terminal ileum of patients with CD and to correlate the expression levels with CD activity.
SMAD7 also interferes with R-SMAD4 complex formation by competing with
SMAD4 to interact with R-SMADs [65, 66].
In silico analysis of
SMAD4 involved in hepatocellular carcinoma.
Our results corroborate these findings as we observed an increase in gene expression of LTPB1, TGFpl, SMAD2,
SMAD4, COL1A1, COL1A2, COL6A3, MMP1, MMP2, MMP3, and MMP4.
Although the
SMAD4 gene was mutated in the tumor, it was not mutated in the blood sample, and BMPR1 gene mutations were not found either.
The membranes were blocked for 2 h at room temperature with 5% skimmed milk or 5% BSA in TBST and then were probed with a STAT3 antibody, phospho-STAT3-(Tyr705-) antibody,
SMAD4 antibody, phospho-JAK2 antibody, phospho-SMAD1/5/8 antibody, NF-[kappa]B p65 antibody, phospho-I[kappa]B[alpha] antibody, IKK[alpha] antibody, SOCS3 antibody, Id1 antibody, BMP6 antibody, ferroportin antibody, ferritin antibody, and hepcidin antibody.
SMAD4.
SMAD4 is an oncosuppressor protein that intervenes in the intracellular pathway of TGF-[beta].
Different ligands can bind to TGF-[sz] receptors on the cell surface, allowing regulatory messages to be transferred into the cell by activating the signaling effectors and the Sma- and Mad-related proteins (Smads) and ultimately interacting with deoxyribonucleic acid.[sup][7] Both Smad2 and Smad3 are activated by TGF-[sz], myostatin, or activin whereas Smad1, Smad5, and Smad8 are activated by bone morphogenetic proteins; the activation of these proteins results in the interaction with
Smad4, leading to the modulation of target gene expression.
La activacion de estos Smads, permite la traslocacion de
Smad4 del citoplasma al nucleo para la regulacion de la transcripcion genica.
Resveratrol selectively induces DNA Damage, independent of
Smad4 expression, in its efficacy against human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.