phenazopyridine
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phenazopyridine
[fen″ah-zo-pēr´ĭ-dēn]a urinary tract analgesic, used as the hydrochloride salt; administered orally.
Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Seventh Edition. © 2003 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
phenazopyridine
(fen-az-oh-peer-i-deen) ,Azo-Standard
(trade name),Baridium
(trade name),Phenazo
(trade name),Prodium
(trade name),Pyridium
(trade name),Pyridium Plus
(trade name),UTI Relief
(trade name)Classification
Therapeutic: nonopioid analgesicsPharmacologic: urinary tract analgesics
Indications
Provides relief from the following urinary tract symptoms, which may occur in association with infection or following urologic procedures:
- Pain,
- Itching,
- Burning,
- Urgency,
- Frequency.
Action
Acts locally on the urinary tract mucosa to produce analgesic or local anesthetic effects.
Has no antimicrobial activity.
Therapeutic effects
Diminished urinary tract discomfort.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Appears to be well absorbed following oral administration.
Distribution: Unknown. Small amounts cross the placenta.
Metabolism and Excretion: Rapidly excreted unchanged in the urine.
Half-life: Unknown.
Time/action profile (urinary analgesia)
ROUTE | ONSET | PEAK | DURATION |
---|---|---|---|
PO | unknown | 5–6 hr | 6–8 hr |
Contraindications/Precautions
Contraindicated in: Hypersensitivity;Glomerulonephritis;Severe hepatitis, uremia, or renal failure;Renal insufficiency;Glucose-6–phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency.
Use Cautiously in: Hepatitis; Obstetric / Lactation: Safety not established.
Adverse Reactions/Side Effects
Central nervous system
- headache
- vertigo
Gastrointestinal
- hepatotoxicity
- nausea
Genitourinary
- bright-orange urine (most frequent)
- renal failure
Dermatologic
- rash
Hematologic
- hemolytic anemia
- methemoglobinemia
Interactions
Drug-Drug interaction
None significant.Route/Dosage
Oral (Adults) 200 mg 3 times daily for 2 days.
Oral (Children) 4 mg/kg 3 times daily for 2 days.
Availability (generic available)
Tablets: 95 mgOTC, 100 mg, 100 mgOTC, 200 mgOTC, 200 mg
Nursing implications
Nursing assessment
- Assess patient for urgency, frequency, and pain on urination prior to and throughout therapy.
- Lab Test Considerations: Renal function should be monitored periodically during course of therapy.
- Interferes with urine tests based on color reactions (glucose, ketones, bilirubin, steroids, protein).
Potential Nursing Diagnoses
Acute pain (Indications)Impaired urinary elimination (Indications)
Implementation
- Medication should be discontinued after pain or discomfort is relieved (usually 2 days for treatment of urinary tract infection). Concurrent antibiotic therapy should continue for full prescribed duration.
- Oral: Administer medication with or following meals to decrease GI irritation. Do not crush, break, or chew tablet.
Patient/Family Teaching
- Instruct patient to take medication exactly as directed. If a dose is missed, take as soon as remembered unless almost time for next dose.
- Advise patient that while phenazopyridine administration is stopped once pain or discomfort is relieved, concurrent antibiotic therapy must be continued for full duration of therapy. Do not save unused portion of phenazopyridine without consulting health care professional.
- Inform patient that drug causes reddish-orange discoloration of urine that may stain clothing or bedding. Sanitary napkin may be worn to avoid clothing stains. May also cause staining of soft contact lenses.
- Instruct patient to notify health care professional if rash, skin discoloration, or unusual tiredness occurs.
Evaluation/Desired Outcomes
- Decrease in pain and burning on urination.
Drug Guide, © 2015 Farlex and Partners