phenazopyridine hydrochloride
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phenazopyridine hydrochloride
AZO-Gesic, Azo-Standard, Baridium, Phenazo (CA), Prodium, Pyridium, ReAzo, UTI Relief
Pharmacologic class: Nonopioid analgesic
Therapeutic class: Urinary analgesic
Pregnancy risk category B
Action
Unknown. Thought to act locally on urinary tract mucosa to produce analgesic or anesthetic effects, relieving urinary burning, urgency, and frequency.
Availability
Tablets: 95 mg, 97.2 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg
⊘Indications and dosages
➣ Pain caused by lower urinary tract irritation
Adults: 200 mg P.O. t.i.d.
Children: 12 mg/kg P.O. daily in three divided doses
Contraindications
• Hypersensitivity to drug
• Renal insufficiency
Precautions
Use cautiously in:
• hepatitis
• pregnant or breastfeeding patients
• children younger than age 12.
Administration
• Give with or after meals.
• Discontinue after 2 days, as prescribed, when administering with antibiotics.
Adverse reactions
CNS: headache
EENT: contact lens staining
GI: GI disturbances
GU: bright orange urine, renal toxicity
Hepatic: hepatotoxicity
Hematologic: hemolytic anemia,
methemoglobinemia
Skin: rash, pruritus
Other: anaphylactoid-like reaction
Interactions
Drug-diagnostic tests.Bilirubin, glucose, ketones, protein, steroids: interference with urine tests based on spectrophotometry or color reactions
Patient monitoring
• Monitor patient for symptomatic improvement of urinary tract infection (UTI).
• Assess follow-up urine culture after antibiotic therapy ends.
☞ Monitor for yellowing of skin or sclera. This change may indicate drug accumulation caused by impaired renal excretion, warranting drug withdrawal.
Patient teaching
• Explain drug therapy and measures to help prevent UTI recurrence.
• Tell patient drug may discolor urine and tears and may stain clothing and contact lenses.
☞ Advise patient to contact pre-scriber promptly if symptoms don't improve or if skin or eyes become yellow.
• As appropriate, review all other significant and life-threatening adverse reactions and interactions, especially those related to the tests mentioned above.