The literature also reports use of isobutyl-2 cyanoacrylate plus isophendylate (
Pantopaque), polyvinyl alcohol, or an absorbable gelatin sponge in embolization.
The myelographic agent that was used prior to the availability of watersoluble agents (
Pantopaque, Lafayette Pharmaceutical, Inc., Lafayette, IN) could be retained within the spinal canal for years or even decades, depending on the volume used.
Pantopaque visualization of a congenital dural defect of the internal auditory meatus causing rhinorrhea.
Unfortunately, simple aspiration and drainage of hepatic cysts uniformly results in recurrence.[20] However, the addition of sclerosing agents to aspiration has been therapeutic, and a variety of agents including minocycline,[21] pantopaque,[22] and more recently alcohol in 95% or 99% solution have been used successfully.[23,24]
Treatment of symptomatic hepatic cyst by percutaneous instillation of pantopaque. Am J Roentgenol 1976; 127:850-3.