BPN14770 is a novel therapeutic agent that selectively inhibits phosphodiesterase-4D (
PDE4D) to enhance early and late stages of memory formation.
Five of these 12 genes had increased 5-hmC peaks by BPA exposure--Grb10, Pde10a, phosphodiesterase 4D (
Pde4d), Plagl1, and Gnas.
A potential difference in tumor cellularity of the tissue punches was addressed by normalization of the qPCR results of the
PDE4D transcript to four reference genes which were selected based on stable gene expression across multiple tumor sample types [18].
Some of these genes include Apolipoprotein E (APOE), methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (ENOS), Factor V Leiden (F5), Cytochrome P450 4F2 (CYP4F2), beta-fibrinogen, and Phosphodiesterase 4D (
PDE4D).
Four phosphodiesterases (
PDE4D, PDE7A, PDE7B, and PDE8B) and two adenylate cyclases (ADCY2, ADCY4) were upregulated, and adenylate kinase (ADK) and AMP deaminase 3 (AMPD3) were downregulated in stimulated versus unstimulated cells.
They found that phosphodiesterase 4D (rs702553) was significantly associated with the female patient group, and
PDE4D gene polymorphisms could cause susceptibility for the development of ISSHL in the southern Taiwanese female population.
In addition, heterozygous mutations in PRKAR1A, which encodes the regulatory subunit of protein kinase A (PKA) and
PDE4D, which encodes phosphodiesterase type 4, have been found in patients with acrodysostosis (40,41,42).
Many hypotheses but no replication for the association between
PDE4D and stroke.
Other PDE4 isoforms expressed in macrophages (PDE4A and
PDE4D) were not involved in the regulation of this response.
Conti, "
PDE4D and PDE4B Function in Distinct Subcellular Compartments in Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts," J.
Goettingen, Germany, October 02, 2014 --(PR.com)-- In a paper published in 2009, researchers led by Paul Marker at UW-Madison, identified Phosphodiesterase 4D (
PDE4D) as a novel proliferation-promoting factor in prostate cancer.
This increased airway hyperresponsiveness is causally related to decreased lung cAMP levels, increased PDE4 enzymatic activity, and
PDE4D isoform-specific mRNA expression in the lung [11].