The rough surface finish on sintered implant parts is ideal for facilitating
osteointegration. Also, with AM or 3D printing, there is no set-up or tooling costs.
The company has also developed radiopaque fibers to help visualize positioning using X-ray and osteoconductive options that promote
osteointegration, "especially with 'all suture' anchors for soft tissue repair and reconstruction," said Cooney.
(8) Despite such advantages, however, Zr[O.sub.2] usually generates a flat surface not suitable for cell attachment, which affects the
osteointegration of the graft.
(55-58) The observed success is partially due to the implant's ability for rapid
osteointegration. Sandiford et al.
evaluated the long-term reliability of pure phase [beta]-TCP and concluded that the implant success rate was 97.6% (lack of
osteointegration for two implants in the same patient, one failure after loading).
For example, it allows engineers to simplify processes, such as adding a porous surface layer to implants to ensure better
osteointegration while improving how a patient's bone grows into it.
One of strategies to improve the
osteointegration of implantable devices is to modify the surface of implant with the materials that are similar to the human hard tissues.
Several studies have attempted to treat osteonecrosis by transplanting exogenous stem cells (MSCs) either systemically or locally, or biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic scaffolds seeded with MSCs on inducing
osteointegration and new bone formation.24,25 Osteonecrosis research has focused on the effectiveness of bisphosphonates, growth factors, lipid-lowering agents, and combined drug therapies.
It was concluded that the irradiated surfaces undergo considerable changes in surface properties including wettability, mechanical and electrical properties, as well as exhibited unique bioactivity, forming spherical macro-porous apatite layer which can enhance
osteointegration and osteoconduction.
Zhang et al., "Enhanced
osteointegration of poly(methylmethacrylate) bone cements by incorporating strontium-containing borate bioactive glass," Journal of the Royal Society Interface, vol.
Cadossi, "The effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields on the
osteointegration of hydroxyapatite implants in cancellous bone: a morphologic and microstructural in vivo study," Journal of Orthopaedic Research, vol.