Carbapenem group of antibiotics is one of the most effective drugs that has been used as a last remedy for the treatment of infections caused by Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) Gram negative bacilli.1 To neutralize the drugs, such
NDM-1 producing bacteria encode various carbapenemases which are [beta]-lactamases, having the ability to hydrolyze majority of [beta]-lactams including carbapenems.2 Irrational use of antimicrobials give birth to resistance by increasing selective pressure in the bacterial population.
An example is
NDM-1, which is a protein that can confer resistance in a range of bacteria.
NDM-1, OXA-48 and OXA-181 carbapenemaseproducing Enterobacteriaceae in Sultanate of Oman.
Gram negative bacteria are today's major worldwide health concern because of production hydrolytic enzyme New Delhi Metallo-[beta]-lactamase (
NDM-1).
The VIMs (VIM-1, 4, 5, 23, and 31; n = 51 [46 were only positive for VIM, and 5 co-produced OXA-48]) were the most common carbapenemase among this collection, followed by NDMs (
NDM-1, 6, and 7; n = 43 [41 were positive only for NDM, 1 also co-produced OXA-48.
Reportedly, this key research programme is aimed at tackling the threat posed by
NDM-1 and other metallo-[sz]-lactamases, enzymes that make bacteria resistant to widely used beta-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin.
HYPE-WIPE bleach towelettes are EPA registered in all states as a one-step disinfectant with a one- minute kill time forTB, Streptococcus, Salmonella, Pseudomonas, Norovirus, RSV, H1N1, ESBL, CRKP and Rotavirus, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, Enterobacter cloacae
NDM-1, Escherichia coli
NDM-1, Klebsiella pneumoniae
NDM-1, MDR Enterococcus faecium, MDR Staphylococcus aureus, VRSA; two-minute kill time for MRSA, VRE, Staph; and a four-minute kill time for C.
Distribution of Carbapenem Resistant genes among Gram Negative Bacteria isolated from Urinary tract Infection in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus Isolates [bla.sub.IMP] [bla.sub.VIM] IMP-1 IMP-8 VIM-1 VIM-24 E.coli 3 1 -- 1 Klebsiella pneumoniae -- 1 -- 1 Citrobacter freundii 1 -- 1 1 Acinetobacter baumanii 1 -- 1 -- Proteus mirabilis -- -- -- -- Enterobacter cloacae -- -- -- -- Isolates [bla.sub.NDM] [bla.sub.SPM-1]
NDM-1 NDM-2 NDM-4 E.coli 4 1 2 -- Klebsiella pneumoniae 3 1 -- 2 Citrobacter freundii 2 2 1 -- Acinetobacter baumanii 2 3 -- -- Proteus mirabilis 1 -- -- -- Enterobacter cloacae -- -- -- --
La emergencia en 2007 de la carbapenemasa descrita mas recientemente, denominada New Delhi Metalo-[beta]-lactamasa 1 (
NDM-1), constituye un problema medico critico, ya que esta enzima compromete la eficacia de casi todos los antibioticos [beta]-lactamicos y desde entonces, los CPO productores de NDM han sido identificados alrededor del mundo y descritos como endemicos en India, la peninsula de Balkan y el medio oriente (1).
Among all CPE, the most common enzyme was
NDM-1. [3]
NDM-1 was first described in 2008 in a Swedish patient returning from New Delhi, India, [8] in both Escherichia coli and K.
Keywords: Carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae, Superbugs,
NDM-1, Metallobetalactamase.