Arsenic (As) is a
metalloid widely distributed in natural environments [1].
Some metals and
metalloids like Cu and As preferably form complexes with organic materials and thereby enhance their mobility (Kloss et al.
Therefore, we included one
metalloid (As), six heavy metals (Cd, Ni, Pb, Co, Zn and Cu) and laboratory grade calcium chloride (Ca[Cl.sub.2]) for comparison.
: Abstract.- Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) grown around refuse and effluent sites of District Sargodha, Pakistan were analyzed for six metals and
metalloids viz., cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) by atomic absorption spectrophotometric method.
(2007), the ability of microorganisms to survive but not grow in the presence of metals,
metalloids cations or oxyanions, either alone or in combination, defines tolerance.
Recent rapid and progressive development of technology and industry has led to increasing the proportion of various environmental pollutants, such as pesticides, toxic xenobiotics, metals,
metalloids, and halogenated and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [1].
Researchers at Yale University, led by Prof Thomas Graedel, analysed the use of 62 metals or
metalloids commonly found in popular technology, such as smartphones.
The paper, written by researchers at Yale University, identified 62 metals or
metalloids used to make a range of products.
They present nine chapters discussing: the molecular-scale fundament of geothermal fluid thermodynamics, thermodynamics of aqueous species at high temperatures and pressures (equations of state and transport theory), the carbonate system as an example of mineral solubility and aqueous speciation in hydrothermal conditions to 300 degrees Celsius, thermodynamic modeling of fluid-rock interaction at mid-crustal to upper-mantle conditions, speciation and transport of metals and
metalloids in geological vapors, solution calorimetry under hydrothermal conditions, structure and thermodynamics of subduction zone fluids from spectroscopic studies, and thermodynamics of organic transformations in hydrothermal fluids.
For 12 of the metals and "
metalloids" off the periodic table that are on the Yale list, the "substitute potential" is rated at low to very low.
Arsenic is a ubiquitous and one of the most potent toxic
metalloids in environment.