alglucosidase

(redirected from Lumizyme)

alglucosidase

(al-gloo-ko-side-ase) ,

Lumizyme

(trade name),

Myozyme

(trade name)

Classification

Therapeutic: replacement enzyme
Pregnancy Category: B

Indications

Myozyme: Replacement enzyme in infantile-onset Pompe disease (alpha glucosidase (GAA) deficiency).Lumizyme: Replacement enzyme in late-onset (non-infantile) Pompe disease in patients without evidence of cardiac hypertrophy.

Action

Replaces alpha-glucosidase. Without this enzyme, glycogen accumulates in tissues including cardiac and skeletal muscles and hepatic tissues, leading to the development of cardiomyopathy, progressive muscle weakness, and impairment of respiratory function.

Therapeutic effects

Improved survival with delayed need for ventilatory support.
Improved lung function and exercise capacity.

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption: IV administration results in complete bioavailability.
Distribution: Unknown.
Metabolism and Excretion: Unknown.
Half-life: 2.3–2.5 hr.

Time/action profile

ROUTEONSETPEAKDURATION
IVunknownend of infusion2 wk

Contraindications/Precautions

Contraindicated in: None known.
Use Cautiously in: Acute underlying illness (↑ risk of infusion reactions); Obstetric: Use only if clearly needed; Lactation: Lactation; Pediatric: Safety not established in children <1 mo or >3.5 yr (Myozyme) or <8 yr (Lumizyme).

Adverse Reactions/Side Effects

Cardiovascular

  • bradycardia (most frequent)
  • tachycardia (most frequent)

Respiratory

  • respiratory distress failure
  • cough (most frequent)
  • ↓ oxygen saturation (most frequent)
  • tachypnea

Ear, Eye, Nose, Throat

  • blurred vision
  • vertigo

Gastrointestinal

  • constipation (most frequent)
  • diarrhea (most frequent)
  • reflux (most frequent)
  • vomiting (most frequent)

Dermatologic

  • necrotizing skin lesions (life-threatening)
  • flushing (most frequent)
  • rash (most frequent)
  • dermatitis (most frequent)
  • urticaria (most frequent)

Hematologic

  • anemia (most frequent)
  • lymphadenopathy

Fluid and Electrolyte

  • edema

Miscellaneous

  • allergic reactions including anaphylaxis (life-threatening)
  • infusion reactions (life-threatening)
  • fever (most frequent)

Interactions

Drug-Drug interaction

None noted.

Route/Dosage

Intravenous (Children 1 mo–3.5 yr) Myozyme—20 mg/kg every 2 wk.
Intravenous (Adults and Children ≥8 yr) Lumizyme—20 mg/kg every 2 wk.

Availability

Lyophilized powder for IV administration (requires reconstitution): 50 mg/vial

Nursing implications

Nursing assessment

  • Observe for signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis (rash, pruritus, laryngeal edema, wheezing). Keep epinephrine, an antihistamine, corticosteroids, and resuscitation equipment close by in case of anaphylactic reaction.
  • Monitor for infusion-related reactions (headache, fever, tachycardia, cough, cyanosis, rash, erythema, urticaria, hypotension. Most reactions are managed with antihistamines and/or corticosteroids prior to or during infusions, slowing rate of infusion, and/or early discontinuation if reaction is serious. Infusion reactions may occur any time during or up to 2 hr after infusion and are more likely with higher infusion rates.
  • Monitor cardiorespiratory status continuously during therapy. May cause acute cardiorespiratory failure requiring intubation and inotropic support.
  • Lab Test Considerations: Monitor liver enzymes prior to and periodically during therapy.

Potential Nursing Diagnoses

Ineffective tissue perfusion (Indications)

Implementation

  • Lumizyme is available only through a restricted distribution program called the LUMIZYME ACE Program due to the potential risk of rapid disease progression in Pompe disease patients less than 8 yrs of age. Only prescribers and healthcare facilities enrolled in the program may prescribe, dispense or administer Lumizyme. Lumizyme may be administered only to patients who are enrolled in and meet all the conditions of the Lumizyme ACE Program. To enroll in the Lumizyme ACE Program call 1-800-745-4447.
  • Intravenous Administration
  • Intermittent Infusion: Determine number of vials required for the dose ordered. If number of vials includes a fraction, round up to next whole number. Allow vials to reach room temperature before reconstitution, approximately 30 min. Reconstitute by slowly injecting 10.3 mL of Sterile Water for Injection to inside wall of each vial. Avoid forceful impact of water on powder to avoid foaming. Tilt and roll each vial gently. Do not invert, swirl, or shake. Protect solution from light. Each vial contains 5 mg/mL with a total extractable dose of 50 mg/10 mL. Solution is clear and may occasionally contain white strands or translucent fibers; do not administer solutions that are discolored or contain particulate matter. Vials are for single use; discard remaining medication. Diluent: Dilute each vial in 100 mL of 0.9% NaCl immediately after reconstitution. Concentration: 0.5–4 mg/mL. Slowly withdraw reconstituted solution from each vial. Remove airspace from infusion bag to minimize particle formation due to sensitivity of medication to air. Add reconstituted solution slowly and directly into 0.9% NaCl solution, not into airspace in bag. Gently invert or massage to mix; do not shake. Use a 0.2 micrometer low-protein binding in-line filter for administration. Administer immediately. Solution may be stored in refrigerator for up to 24hr.
  • Rate: Administer over 4 hr. Using an infusion pump, administer initially at a rate of 1 mg/kg/hr. ↑ rate to 2 mg/kg/hr every 30 min, after tolerance to medication is established, until a maximum rate of 7 mg/kg/hr is reached. Monitor vital signs with each dose ↑. If stable, administer at 7 mg/kg/hr until infusion is completed. Slow or temporarily stop infusion if infusion reactions occur.

Patient/Family Teaching

  • Inform patient that a registry for patients with Pompe disease was established to evaluate long term treatments. Women of childbearing potential are also encouraged to register. For information, visit www.pomperegistry.com or call 1-800-745-4447.

Evaluation/Desired Outcomes

  • Improved survival with delayed need for ventilatory support in patients with Pompe disease.
  • Improved lung function and exercise capacity.
References in periodicals archive ?
The associated cost sharing for these drugs ranged from $10,000 per beneficiary for Arzerra, a drug approved to treat leukemia, to $91,000 per beneficiary for Lumizyme.
GAO Performance audit assesses Medicare Part B medicines
Lumizyme and Myozyme have the same generic ingredient (Alglucosidase Alfa) and manufacturer (Genzyme Corporation).
A rare metabolic disorder: Pompe's disease
Although the drug was produced by the same company with exactly the same process as at the smaller scale, the FDA considered the larger-scale version to be a new product and even required that it adopt a different name; the two products are marketed as Myozyme and Lumizyme.
Still awaiting the 'biosimilars' revolution: despite recent efforts, the United States remains a long way from a Hatch-Waxman breakthrough for biologic drugs
Genzyme revealed on Friday the receipt of the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) approval for a supplement to expand the indication for Lumizyme (alglucosidase alfa) for Pompe disease, a progressive, debilitating and often fatal neuromuscular disease caused by a genetic deficiency or dysfunction of the lysosomal enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase.
Genzyme announces Lumizyme's label indication expansion in the US for the treatment of Pompe disease
Food and Drug Administration today announced the approval of Lumizyme (alglucosidase alfa) for treatment of patients with infantile-onset Pompe disease, including patients who are less than 8 years of age.
United States : FDA expands approval of drug to treat Pompe disease to patients of all ages; removes risk mitigation strategy requirements
In addition, its Pompe disease-treatment drug Lumizyme was cleared by the US drug regulator, which along with late-stage development of other products paves the way to future growth, S&P noted.
S&P sets investment status on Genzyme's USD1bn notes
Food and Drug Administration approval for a large-batch version of its Lumizyme drug for Pompe disease, a rare genetic disorder.
MONEY BRIEFS
With this approval, the company has almost doubled its ability to fill and finish Myozyme and Lumizyme (alglucosidase alfa) produced at the 4,000 litre bioreactor scale.
FDA and EMA approve Genzyme's expanded Waterford manufacturing plant
Lumizyme is the first treatment cleared in the United States specifically to treat patients with late-onset Pompe disease.
Genzyme wins o.k. for Pompe disease treatment
M2 EQUITYBITES-26 May 2010-Genzyme granted US marketing approval for Lumizyme for Pompe disease(C)2010 M2 COMMUNICATIONS http://www.
Genzyme granted US marketing approval for Lumizyme for Pompe disease
She has been receiving infusions since last month of Lumizyme every other week at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.
A rare malady, but hope lives; Woman fighting Pompe disease with enzymes, diet and exercise
21 January 2010 - US biotechnology company Genzyme Corp (NASDAQ: GENZ) said today that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) hasaA set 17 June 2010 as end of review date for the company's apllication for the approval of its drug Lumizyme against Pompe disease produced at the 4,000 L bioreactor scale.
FDA sets June 17 as review date for Genzyme's Pompe disease drug
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