The most frequently occurring
late effects of childhood cancer are neurocognitive and psychological, cardiopulmonary, and endocrine issues that impact growth and fertility, musculoskeletal, and second cancers.
The committee stressed that the
late effects of AI therapy as well as the possible adverse effects of extended AI therapy, have not yet been fully characterized.
Most of these patients will not suffer relapse but live with the consequences of treatment, including possible
late effects of surgery, endocrine therapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and, increasingly, biological therapy.
One of the severe and often fatal
late effects is the occurrence of secondary malignancies.
In this text, 20 leading European and American specialists in childhood cancer
late effects contribute eight chapters discussing their experiences and reviewing the latest scientific advances concerning key clinical topics related to childhood cancer therapies.
Not until relatively recent times, however, did people understand that polio's
late effects may not emerge until 30 or more years after the initial event--and then in perhaps only 60% of individuals who experienced paralytic polio.
The most frequently reported
late effects of polio are weakness and excessive fatigue, followed by pain, breathing difficulties, swallowing problems, intolerance to cold, cognitive changes, and sleep disturbances.
The early and
late effects of intracarotid infusion of the drug vehicle (HCD) are summarized in Table 1.
This case demonstrates the potential
late effects of this syndrome, and it indicates that early mortality is not inevitable.
Older children can die of the
late effects of measles.
``Because of this, we can assess possible
late effects of this form of treatment.
This is referred to as post-poliomyelitis (i.e., post-polio) syndrome and used interchangeably with "late sequelae" and "
late effects" of poliomyelitis (Halstead, 1991).