IL-1


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IL1B

A gene on chromosome 2q14 that encodes interleukin-1B, a cytokine produced by activated macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically activated by caspase 1 (CASP1/ICE). IL-1B is a key mediator of inflammation and is involved in an array of cellular activities, including cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis.

IL-1

Leukocyte-activating factor An 11 kD cytokine produced by a wide range of cells; IL-1 elicits the acute phase response, acts on the CNS as a pyrogen, stimulates fibroblast, B- and T-cell proliferation and differentiation, ↑ lymphokine, collagenase and PG production, activity of NK cells against tumor targets, stimulates myocytolysis–via PGs, elicits hormone release from the pituitary, evokes the release of PMNs from the BM, and PMN degranulation, ↑ oxidase activity and hexose monophosphate shunt activity; in synovial cells, IL-1 stimulates proliferation and production of collagen, PG, and plasminogen activator IL-1 production Stimulated by various agents–eg, calcium ionophores, IFN-α, IFN-γ, lipopolysaccharides, muramyl dipeptide, aluminum hydroxide, phorbol myristate acetate, staphylococci, silica, and others; inhibited by corticosteroids, PGE2–via the cyclooxygenase pathway, suppressor T cells, and cyclosporine–which specifically inhibits T cell-induced IL-1 production IL-1 & disease IL-1 may have a role in
1. Type 1 DM, ↑ IL-1
production by macrophages in the early β-cell destructive lesions of type 1 DM.
2. ASHD–n-3 fish oils ↓ circulating IL-1.
3. Rheumatoid arthritis–IL-1 acts with substance P.

IL-1

α Therapeutic uses IL-1α is reportedly effective in accelerating recovery of platelet counts after high-dose carboplatin and may be useful in thrombocytopenia induced by chemotherapy
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References in periodicals archive ?
Cominelli, "Mucosal imbalance of IL-1 and IL-1 receptor antagonist in inflammatory bowel disease: a novel mechanism of chronic intestinal inflammation," Journal of Immunology, vol.
The role of IL-33 in gut mucosal inflammation
IL-1RN allele 2 has been related to increased production of IL-1RA and IL-1[beta] and decreased the production of IL-1 a [43].
IL-1RN and IL-1[beta] Polymorphism and ARV-Associated Hepatotoxicity
The group contributions to cohesive energy, [E.sub.coh], and molar volume by the Fedor's method (15), although apparently less accurate than those by Small, Van Krevelen, and Hoy's methods, contained a larger number of structural groups and could, as a result, be used for calculating the solubility parameter, [delta], of IL-1 that contains elements such as phosphorus.
Ionic liquids as plasticizers/lubricants for polylactic acid
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in intron 2 of the human interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) gene: further definition of the IL-1 R and IL-1Ra polymorphisms in North American Caucasians and Taiwanese Chinese.
Frequencies of interleukin 1 gene polymorphisms in Koreans
Gabay, "IL-1, IL-18, and IL-33 families of cytokines," Immunological Reviews, vol.
Enhanced Expression of IL-18 and IL-18BP in Plasma of Patients with Eczema: Altered Expression of IL-18BP and IL-18 Receptor on Mast Cells
Not like other members of the IL-1 family, IL-36 is mainly expressed in keratinocytes, bronchial epithelia, brain tissues, and monocytes/ macrophages [85].
Recent Advances: The Imbalance of Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
IL-6 is produced by a wide range of cell types in psoriatic plaques (including keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, DCs, and macrophages) in response to several stimuli, such as IL-1, TNF-alpha, IL-17, and IL-36 (Figure 2) [84, 94-96].
IL-6 as a druggable target in psoriasis: focus on pustular variants
Injecting the older cultures with daily doses of a compound that blocked the messenger RNA from producing IL-1 alpha, the team prevented the onset of cellular senescence and extended the lifespan of the cells.
Extending cell life yields clues to growth
IL-1[beta] and IL-18 are two proinflammatory members of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) superfamily which function as "master" cytokines in the complex network of inflammatory responses [4-6].
The Antimalarial Chloroquine Suppresses LPS-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Confers Protection against Murine Endotoxic Shock
The protein binds strongly and specifically to cell-surface receptors that normally serve as docking sites for interleukin-1 (IL-1), a potent compound secreted by white blood cells under a variety of biological "emergencies." When IL-1 binds to its receptor, it triggers a series of reactions in surrounding cells, causing inflammation and immune hyperactivity.
Researchers clone anti-inflammatory protein
forsythia on production of IL-10 was observed in patients with periodontitis carrying the genotypes CC (-590C/T) and 11 (VNTR) of the gene encoding IL-4 while the increase in the levels of IFN[gamma], IL-1 [beta], IL-6, and TNF[alpha] in patients with the same genotypes was lower (P < 0.05).
The effect of IL-4 gene polymorphisms on cytokine production in patients with chronic periodontitis and in healthy controls
Two decades after scientists began studying the link between immunity and stress, three new reports strengthen the idea that the protein interleukin-1 (IL-1) carries regulatory signals between the two systems.
Interleukin-1's secret message to ACTH

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