HMGA2

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HMGA2

A gene on chromosome 12q15 that encodes high-mobility group (non-histone chromosomal) protein isoform I-C, which regulates transcription by acting on CCNA2. It plays a key role in chromosome condensation during the meiotic G2/M transition of spermatocytes. A variation of HMGA2 was identified as an “intelligence gene” by researchers working with Project ENIGMA.

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(27) Concomitant amplification of MDM2, CDK4, and HMGA2, as well as overexpression of the encoded proteins, is characteristic of well-differentiated liposarcomas.

Gastric Angiolipoma: A Rare Entity

These include CD117, GFAP, PLAG1, and HMGA2. S100 is positive in most benign and malignant lesions within the monomorphic basaloid lesions group; therefore, its usefulness when attempting to distinguish among the monomorphic basaloid neoplasms is limited.

New Developments in Salivary Gland Pathology: Clinically Useful Ancillary Testing and New Potentially Targetable Molecular Alterations

Although expression of single genes, such as HMGA2 and UbcH10, has been evaluated to determine the potential to separate benign from malignant tumors in thyroid FNA aspirates, the application of GEA has been limited by low sensitivity and specificity.

Value of Molecular Tests in Cytologically Indeterminate Lesions of Thyroid

In a previous study, (10) we found that HMGA2 can be a potential surrogate marker to differentiate ovarian serous and EMCs.

Histologic and immunohistochemical analyses of endometrial carcinomas: experiences from endometrial biopsies in 358 consultation cases

(18) These translocations involve the high mobility group A (HMGA2) gene.

Aggressive angiomyxoma

In addition, HMGA2 has been shown to be the target gene in pleomorphic adenoma with translocations involving 12q14-15 and is frequently coamplified with MDM2.

Genomic aberrations in salivary duct carcinoma arising in Warthin tumor of parotid gland: DNA microarray and HER2 fluorescence in situ hybridization

(37) Cytogenetic studies of conventional lipoma are abundant and have revealed rearrangements of 12q14-15 and the underlying HMGA2 gene as most common (Figure 2, A and B).38 In contrast, atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma is characterized by the presence of a supernumerary ring or marker chromosomes (often as the sole anomaly) containing amplification of the 12q14-15 region and corresponding tumor-associated genes (in particular MDM2 and CDK4) (Figure 2, C through E).

Molecular diagnostics of soft tissue tumors

(13) let-7 is known to regulate oncogenes RAS and HMGA2. It has also been shown that miRNA 127, a known tumor suppressor, is downregulated in AML associated with inv(16).

MicroRNAs in benign and malignant hematopoiesis

Mesonephric adenocarcinomas of the uterine cervix and corpus: HPV-negative neoplasms that are commonly PAX8, CA125, and HMGA2 positive and that may be immunoreactive with TTF1 and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-p.

Cervical Adenocarcinomas: A Heterogeneous Group of Tumors With Variable Etiologies and Clinical Outcomes

There are other genes Linked to body size that possibly could be associated with canine heart development: high mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2), insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2), Obscurin Like 1 (OBSL1), Stanniocalcin-2 (STC2), Suppressor Of Cytokine Signalling 2 (SOCS2) and Mothers Against Decantaplegic homolog (SMAD2) (TGFb) (37), but this still is not clear.

Informacion sobre la valvula mitral canina en el curso de la degeneracion mixomatosa valvular mitral

miR33-5p, a novel mechano-sensitive microRNA promotes osteoblast differentiation by targeting Hmga2. Sci Rep 2016; 6: 23170, doi: 10.1038/srep23170.

MicroRNA-221 promotes cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation by regulation of ZFPM2 in osteoblasts

Disrupting the pairing between let-7 and Hmga2 enhances oncogenic transformation.