Cav1.2 L-type Ca2+ channels mediate cocaine-induced
GluA1 trafficking in the nucleus accumbens, a long-term adaptation dependent on ventral tegmental area Ca(v)1.3 channels.
Additionally, [beta]-AR activation increases the expression of the a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunit
GluA1, one of the four subunits of the AMPA receptor for glutamate (12).
In the
GluA1 locus, 3 alleles (a, b, c) have been identified, in GluB1 6 alleles (a, b, c, d, e, k), and in Glu-D1 2 alleles (a, d) (Table 2).
As noted, E-LTP induction is dependent on the rapid trafficking of AMPA receptors containing the
GluA1 subunit to the postsynaptic membrane [51, 150], and recent work has demonstrated that glutamate receptor trafficking is regulated by clock-gated signaling pathways.
Lalchandani et al., "Soluble ICAM-5, a product of activity dependent proteolysis, increases mEPSC frequency and dendritic expression of
GluA1," PLOS ONE, vol.
Lawrence, "Catalogue of alleles for the complex gene loci
GluA1, GluB1, GluD1, which code for the highmolecular-weight subunits of glutenin in hexaploid wheat," Cereal Research Communications, vol.
CaMKIIalpha knockdown decreases anxiety in the open field and low serotonin-induced upregulation of
GluA1 in the basolateral amygdala.
In our results, we detected significant elevation of GluA2/ 3 expression in the hippocampus, but not
GluA1. This suggested for insertion or synthesis of GluA2-containing AMPA receptors, which might act in replacement of GluA2-lacking AMPA receptors that are recruited in acute stress phases.
The diffusion constant of
GluA1 drops as the subunit reaches a hyaluronan-enriched area.
While CaMKII appears to have multiple functions in synaptic plasticity, phosphorylation of
GluA1 receptors to regulate their trafficking and signaling appears to be critical for LTP [7].
More recent studies revealed that palmitoylation of
GluA1 subunit requires its dynamic anterograde transport from the ER to the Golgi apparatus, while GluA2 subunits are palmitoylated by the ER-resided DHHC2 [172].