Roles of temperature, salinity, and light in seasonality, growth, and toxicity of ciguatera-causing
Gambierdiscus toxicus Adachi et Fukuyo (Dinophyceae).
Distribution and periodicity of
Gambierdiscus toxicus in Queensland, Australia.
Ciguatera toxin is a lipid-soluble, heat-stable marine toxin (2) made by dinoflagellates such as
Gambierdiscus toxicus in tropical and subtropical waters.
Aunque se considera que el principal causante de la ciguatera es el dinoflagelado
Gambierdiscus toxicus (Adachi & Fukuyo 1979) que vive como epifito de fanerogamas y macroalgas colonizadoras de arrecifes de coral (Lehane & Lewis 2000), los generos de dinoflagelados benticos Amphidinium, Coolia, Ostreopsis y Prorocentrum (Besada et al.
Agardh - x Paralia sulcata (Ehrenberg) Cleve x - Thalassionema nitzschioides (Grunow) x - Mereschkowsky Thalassiothrix frauenfeldii (Grunow) x - Grunow Dinoflagelados Ceratium furca (Ehrenberg) Claparede & - x Lachmann Dinophysis caudata Saville-Kent x -
Gambierdiscus toxicus Adachi & Fukuyo x - Prorocentrum belizeanum M.
The main causative organism of ciguatera is the unicellular dino-flagellate
Gambierdiscus toxicus (Adachi and Fukuyo 1979) that lives upon common, larger reef-colonizing species of red, green, and brown algae (Lehane et al.
Carnivorous tropical and semitropical fish, such as barracuda, amberjack, red snapper, and grouper, become contaminated with ciguatoxins by feeding on plant-eating fish that have ingested
Gambierdiscus toxicus or another member of the Gambierdiscus genus, a group of large dinoflagellates commonly found in coral reef waters (4).
Cruz-Rivera and Villareal (2006) suggested that the palatability of macroalgae that are epiphytized by the ciguatoxin-producing dinoflagellate
Gambierdiscus toxicus influences the flux of toxins entering marine food webs.
These toxins are transmitted by dinoflagellates of the species
Gambierdiscus toxicus, which lives adhered to damaged coral reefs in tropical seas (2).
10:00 Purification of Maitotoxins Produced by the Dinoflagellate,
Gambierdiscus toxicus.
In the 1970s Japanese researchers discovered that ciguatera was caused by a small dinophyte,
Gambierdiscus toxicus (see p.
Lachmann 1200
Gambierdiscus toxicus Adachi & Fukuyo 200 200 Peridinium quinquecorne Abe 4400000 6200000 3800000 Prorocentrum concavum Fukuyo 200 200 1400 Prorocentrum lima (Ehrenberg) Dodge 1400 200 Prorocentrum micans Ehrenberg 200 200 1400 Prorocentrum rhathymum Loeblich III, Sherley & Schmidt 800 200 1200 TOTAL PHYTOPLANKTON ABUNDANCE 4427000 6208000 3821800 Phytoplankton composition (24/07/03) 1 2 3 DIATOMS Achnanthes brevipes var.
