The fact that they were divorced from any federate or tribal power base (unlike Alaric and Gainas) made them acceptable.
Gainas had attempted the first option and had been ruined.
As demonstrated in this paper, a key advantage of replacing the
GaInAs (1 eV) as bottom subcell with CuIn[Se.sub.2] with the same bandgap is a reduction of ~20% in total cell material thickness, and the cheaper cost of the chalcopyrite elements compared to
GaInAs.
If strained layer
GaInAs quantum wells emitting at |is greater than~ 9300 |Angstrom~ are used, the GaAs substrate is transparent to the lasing wavelength, eliminating the need for removal of all or portions of the GaAs substrate.