We found epigenome-wide significant associations (FDR p < 0.05) between [PM.sub.10] exposure and DNA methylation for six CpGs, with higher [PM.sub.10] exposure being associated with an increase in methylation for four CpGs mapping to GNB2L1; SNORD96A, FAM13A, SRPRB, and P4HA2, and a decrease for two CpGs within USP4, and NOTCH4 (Table 2).
In addition, cgl5082635 (GNB2L1; SNORD96A) was also nominally significant in 7-to 9-y-olds from the ALSPAC study with the same direction of association (p = 0.02).
Our other observed differentially methylated CpGs reside in USP43, SRPRB, GNB2L1; SNORD96A, and a Th2 cytokine gene, P4HA2.
Also, significant differential methylation was observed for CpGs in FAM13A, GNB2L1, and SNORD96A, as well as P4HA2 in one out of three independent samples of school-age children, with the same direction of association as those in the discovery EWAS.
For example, in 2015, Lee [33] and colleagues identified 8 human SNPs significantly associated with NSCLC prognosis, including CD3EAP rs967591, TNFRSF10B rs1047266, AKT1 rs3803300, C3 rs2287845, HOMER2 rs1256428,
GNB2L1 rs3756585, ADAMTSL3 rs11259927, and CD3D rs3181259.