HP binds to haemoglobin (Hb) to prevent renal clearance of Hb and renal damage caused by
free Hb.8 HP-Hb complex modulate inflammation by the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.9 HP is encoded by 2 distinct alleles of HP1 and HP2, and these two alleles produce 3 phenotypes: HP1-1, HP1-2 and HP2-2.10 The frequency of HP alleles varies among different populations.
Hp is bound to
free Hb and once Hp-Hb complex is endocytosed by CD163 may cause an anti-inflammatory response.
In addition to generation of ROS from
free Hb, iron released from heme degradation can result in the generation of additional ROS resulting in cellular damage.
After transfusing of stored RBC, the accumulating of
free Hb further scavenge NO and result in a decrease of NO bioavailability.
Accordingly, differences between individuals in factors that influence the clearance of Hb may influence NO bioavailability and increasing the steady state concentration of
free Hb could cause pulmonary hypertension.
Free Hb breaks down into dimer and monomer which freely diffuse into the renal tubules and the sub-endothelium leading to renal toxicity.
Currently the anti-Xa assay used in our hospital is claimed to be insensitive to
free Hb (up to 200 mg/dL) and bilirubin (up to 6.6 mg/dL).
Alter 35 d of storage both UCB-PRC and ADB-PRC samples exhibited significant differences from the initial
free Hb, intracellular ATP, and pH values.
Hemoglobin (Hb) is the major erythrocyte protein, and measurement of
free Hb in serum can be used as a marker of hemolysis.
In the present study, we assayed blood and plasma samples for benzene PC, pH, p[O.sub.2] , pC[O.sub.2], Hb, reduced hemoglobin (RedHb), plasma
free Hb, and SCs.
Table 2: Laboratory Findings in Hemolytic Anemia Parameter Findings in Hemolytic Anemia (Normal range) RBC Decreased (Males; 4.6 to 6.2 x [10.sup.6] cells/ [mm.sup.3] Females: 4.2 to 5.4 x [10.sup.6] cells/[mm.sup.3] Hb Decreased (11 to 12 g/dL) Hct Decreased (33% to 36%) MCV Unchanged (Males: 80 to 96 fL Females: 82 to 98 fL) MCH Unchanged (27 to 33 pg/cell) MCHC Unchanged (31 to 35 g/dL) Reticulocytes Increased (0.5% to 2.5% of RBCs) Antigoblin tests Positive (Negative) (in immune types) Serum haptoglobin Decreased (40 to 240 mg/dL) Plasma
free Hb Increased (100 to 210 IU/L) Heinz bodies Present (Absent) Haptoglobin (Hb-binding protein) is frequently used to screen for the hemolysis.
This indicated that the band in the more anodal position corresponded to Hb-Hp complexes and the other band to
free Hb. In serum, the tetrameric molecules of natural Hb spontaneously dissociate into dimeric [alpha]-[beta] subunits that are bound to Hp (8).
