Chemokines whose concentrations were measured in the present study included CXCL8 (IL-8), CXCL9 (monokine induced by gamma interferon), CXCL10 (interferon-gamma-induced protein 10 [IP-10]), CXCL11 (interferon-inducible T-cell alpha chemoattractant), CCL4 (macrophage inflammatory protein 1[sz] [MIP-1[sz]]), CCL11 (eotaxin-1), CCL26 (eotaxin-3), CCL17 (thymus and activation-regulated chemokine [TARC]), CCL22 (macrophage-derived chemokine [MDC]), CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 [MCP-1]), and CCL13 (MCP-4).
Meso scale discovery (MSD) system (MSD, Rockville, MD, USA)[sup][12] was used to measure the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines for IL-1[sz], IL-6, IL-17, IL-18, TNF-a, CXCL8, CXCL10, CCL2, CCL4, CCL11, CCL13, CCL17, CCL22, and CCL26 using a commercial kit (K15054G-2).
Concentrations of CC chemokines CCL2, CCL4, CCL11, CCL13, CCL17, CCL22, and CCL26 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
genes de quimiocinas CCL5/RANTES, CCL11, CCL24,
CCL26, filagrina e outros) e (d) associados a funcao pulmonar e remodelamento bronquico (ADAM-33, DPP-10 e HLA-G, dentre outros).
Second, superantigens may induce the release of effector cytokines such as IL-4, IFN-[gamma], or IL-31 which in turn may upregulate the expression of chemokines such as CCL1, CCL11, CCL17, CCL18,
CCL26, CXCL9, or CXCL10.