artificial chromosome

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Related to Artificial chromosomes: Yeast artificial chromosome, expression vector

artificial chromosome

n.
A large sequence of DNA, such as a human artificial chromosome or a bacterial artificial chromosome, that is constructed in a laboratory to function like a chromosome or inserted into a cell to be replicated and expressed. Artificial chromosomes have been used in gene mapping and in modeling genetic diseases.

artificial chromosome

The result of a biotechnology still at an experimental stage. Human chromosomes, consisting of a centromere of highly repetitive DNA sequences, telomeric DNA, a marker gene and some random sequences of genomic DNA, have been successfully prepared. When these ingredients were introduced into a human cell line they became coated with histone proteins and formed highly coiled structures. They also replicated and passed on copies to daughter cells through more than 200 cell divisions.
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References in periodicals archive ?
A new generation of human artificial chromosomes for functional genomics and gene therapy.
The 2014 genetics of aging and longevity conference held in Sochi Russia
Kouprina said that conventional gene therapy uses vectors like viruses to insert genes into chromosomes, which can cause problems which do not happen with human artificial chromosomes because they do not interfere with other parts of the genome.
Artificial human chromosome set to revolutionise medicine
The construction of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries, p.
Construction and characterization of a BAC library of a cold-tolerant hexaploid wheat cultivar
A DNA contig of this region spanning 2,400 kb was constructed from large-capacity yeast artificial chromosomes and P1 bacteriophage clones (76).
Comparative Genomics and Host Resistance against Infectious Diseases
The method was originally developed to improve upon older copy number assays that use long genomic fragments such as bacterial artificial chromosomes.
Agilent Technologies Secures Patent for Market-Leading CGH Assays
The technique, developed by a team at the University of California, San Diego, uses bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) to insert defective copies of genes into stem cells.
New way to genetically modify human embryonic stem cells developed
Laboratory techniques and applications for researchers investigating the identification and function of genes relevant to normal physiology and cancer are described by specialists in specific aspects of gene identification and full-length gene cloning, gene profiling, the chromatin modification of gene regulation, bacterial artificial chromosomes, cancer cytogenetic analysis, and other topics.
Cancer genomics and proteomics; methods and protocols
Comparative sequence analysis of colinear barley and rice bacterial artificial chromosomes.
Genomic targeting and high-resolution mapping of the Tsn1 gene in wheat
Metaphase and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of the rice genome with bacterial artificial chromosomes.
Differences in the rDNA-bearing chromosome divide the Asian-Pacific and Atlantic species of Crassostrea (Bivalvia, Mollusca)
Further in the future, parents will be able to add genes that improve their progeny's immune systems, mental acuity, and athletic abilities by installing artificial chromosomes.
Forever young: the new scientific search for immortality
Artificial chromosomes have been added to rats and passed to several successive generations.
Choosing our genes: attempts to ban biomedical research are announced almost as frequently as reports on breakthroughs. A medical-technology analyst argues that the bans are premature and may do society more harm than good
In 1996 Resnick, with NIEHS colleagues Vladimir Larionov and Natalya Kouprina, perfected a method using yeast artificial chromosomes, or YACs, for the specific isolation of entire human genes.
Delitto Perfetto: foreign DNA disappears without a trace. (Innovations)

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