The nootropic segment by types is further segmented into racetams,
ampakines, choline & acetylcholine intermediates, others.
Ampakines. The second platform of proprietary medicines being developed by RespireRx are
ampakines, which act to enhance the actions of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate at AMPA glutamate receptors.
In that regard,
ampakines are experimental drugs that have been shown to improve opioid-induced ventilation without loss of the analgesic effect (Clin Pharmacol Ther.
[2] Some various drug groups that are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration are racetam, cholinergics, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors,
AMPAkines, smart drugs, dopaminergics, nootropic vitamins, and neurohormones.
May 04, 2015: Cortex Pharmaceuticals Announces Publication of Research Results on the Use of
Ampakines CX1739 in the Treatment of Respiratory Disorders 70
The team, led by Lynch, Julie Lauterborn, and Linda Palmer, wanted to know whether dendritic retraction was already underway in 13-month-old or "middle-aged" rats and, if it was, could they reverse it by giving rats a compound called an
ampakine.
Ampakines had previously been shown to improve age-related cognitive deficits in rats as well as increase production of a key growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain.
Cortex Pharmaceuticals added that the proceeds may be used to support its clinical development of
ampakines for the treatment of central sleep apnea and opiate induced respiratory depression, commencing with a Phase 2A clinical study of CX1739, the lead
ampakine, as well as to fund corporate general and administrative costs.
Gall, "
Ampakines and the Threefold Path to Cognitive Enhancement," Trends in Neuroscience 29 (2006): 554-62.
Ampakines, for instance, are a new class of compounds that improve attention span and alertness as well as facilitating learning and memory.
Studies of cells in the laboratory have shown that drugs called
ampakines elevate production of BDNF.
Scientists in California are developing a class of experimental drugs call
ampakines which flood the brain with a neurotransmitter that makes learning easy, improves memory and boosts alertness.